论特定范围内的无限度正当防卫

【作者】 王明星；

【导师】 叶高峰；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 刑法学， 2000， 硕士

【摘要】 本文分为四部分，全文约3.4万字，下面对文章的几个部分的内容加以分别概述： 第一部分：1997年刑法第20条第3款的称谓。具体论述了学术界对策20条第3款的五种称谓，并逐一进行评析。认为第20条第3款最恰当的称谓应当是特定范围内的无限度正当防卫。 第二部分：特定范围内的无限度的正当防卫的概念及其适用条件。这是全文的核心所在。首先，结合刑法第20条第3款的规定，认为所谓特定范围内的无限度正当防卫是指防卫人在面临正在进行的行凶、杀人、抢劫、强奸、绑架以及其他严重危及人身安全的暴力犯罪时，为制止暴力侵害而没有限度要求的正当防卫。其次，本部分对特定范围内的无限度正当防卫的适用条件进行了详尽的分析研究，指出其必须具备基础条件、时机条件、对象条件和主观条件。特定范围内的无限度正当防卫的基础条件必须是行凶、杀人、抢劫、强奸、绑架以及其他严重危及人身安全的暴力犯罪的存在，并详尽地分析了行凶、杀人、抢劫、强奸、绑架，其他严重危及人身安全的暴力犯罪的范围。其时机条件为严重危及人身安全的鼻力犯罪必须正在进行。其对象条件为严重危及人身安全的暴力犯罪者。主观条件是为制止严重危及人身安全的暴力犯罪。 第三部分：刑法第20条第3款与第1款、第2 n的关系。认为第3de是对第ide的补充，二者既有区别又一系。认为第3at与第ZWe是并列的关系，二者都是对第IWe的补充，二者有质的区别。前者不构成犯罪，而后者则成立犯罪。 第四部分：特定范围内的瓦限度正当防卫的立法比较、评析、兜吝及其价值取向。本部分首先对古今中外的元限防工立法过行了比较研究，揭示了我国刑法中特定范围内的天限度正当防卫的孕育史。其次、对第20条第3款过行了中肯的评价，不应过分耻扬，也不宜极反贬低。并针对不足提出了立法兜兽。最后、详尽分析了第20条第3 e的价值取向，指出该款规定是秩序优先，兼顾公正的较好的统一；还指出其是建立社会主义市场经济的需要；同时认为，该款主要是作为法官在判窑时衡蠢的标准和尺度；最后指出该款符合“大众标准／更多还原

【Abstract】 ABSTRACT This essay contains four parts, which are expounded as the. following approximately 34 thousand words. I The title of article 20 section 3 in the current criminal law of P. R. C. This part introduces and analyses each the five title for the article 20. Section 3 existed in learned society. The author thinks the best title should be unlimited justifiable defence within the special scope. 11 The concept and applied conditions of the unlimited justifiable defence within the special scope. This part is the kernal of the essay. Firstly, according to the provision of article 20. Section 3. I think what the so梒alled unlimited justifiable defence within the special scope should be: when a person is facing an on-going assault, murder, robbery, rape, kidnap or any other crime of violence that seriously endangers his persona] safety, he or she has the right of unlimited justifiable defence against it. Secondly, this part 3 thoroughly analyses the applied conditions of the unl umnited justifiable defence within the special scope. Points out its essential condition opportune condition, target con di tion and subjec ti ye condi tion. Its essential condition must be the actual existing of an on梘oing assaul t, murder, robbery, rape, kidnap or any other crime of violence that seriously endangers one抯 safety. Its opportune condition must be any of these crimes of violence is acting. Its target condition must be the ac ter of the above acting crime. Its subjective condition must be to stop the crime of violence that seriously endangers one抯 persona] safety. hq The relationship between article 20 section 3 and article 20 section 1, 2. The author believes that section 3 is an addendum of section 1, and they not only have connection but also have distinction. The relationship between Section 3 and Section 2is parallel, they are all addenda of Section 1, but they have essential distinction. The former shall not bear criminal responsibility but the latter shall bear criminal responsibility. 11?The legislative comparison, analysis, perfecting 4 of the unlizni ted justifiable defence within the special scope and its value orieation. In this part, I firstly introduce the origin, development and present situation about the legislations for unlimited defence within and outside China, then point out the birth history of our coun try抯 an] iini ted defence within the special scope. Secondly, I think we should give relevant comment for article 20 section 3 and avoid too much praise and too much belittle. I also give some points about perfection in legislation. At last, I thoroughly study the value direction contained in the article 20 section 3 and point out this section is a harmonious unity between consideration to fairness and giving priori ty to order. This section is also the necessary of the socialist market economy. It is also the standard and scale for judging a crime, it is also 慶ommon standard?accepted by the masses.更多还原