【作者】 郭慧君；

【导师】 王国杰； 韩正康；

【作者基本信息】 南京农业大学 ， 基础兽医学， 2000， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究探讨了阶段性相继饲喂三种生理调节剂对单胃动物生长性能和复胃动物瘤胃代谢的影响及其作用机制，同时探讨了大豆黄酮对去势仔猪生长的影响及其作用机制。实验分两大部分。一、阶段性相继饲喂三种生理调节剂对单胃动物生长性能和复胃动物瘤胃代谢及有关内分泌激素的影响 实验系列一 生长期大鼠20只，第一阶段日粮内添加2mg/kg F89，饲喂42天。第二阶段添喂剂量为14.2mg/kg·BW·d半胱胺CS87，每日饲喂，持续25天；第三阶段添喂4mg/kg的Cimaterol（CIM），饲喂25天。与对照组相比，第一阶段试验组大鼠日均摄食量、日增重和饲料转化率分别提高13.93％（P＜0.01），20.25％（P＜0.05）和5.31％；第二阶段三者分别提高10.81％（P＜0.05）、13.00％和1.97％；第三阶段三者分别提高4.11％，-56.86％（P＜0.05）和-141.36％。相继饲喂结束时试验组大鼠腓肠肌净重和其与体重之比分别提高33.33％（P＜0.05）和26.67％（P＜0.05）。血清中生长激素（GH），胰岛素样生长因子—1（IGF-I）和游离脂肪酸（FFA）分别比对照组提高7.98％（P＜0.01），27.77％（P＜0.01）和41.06％（P＜0.05），脲素氮（SUN）含量下降19.48％（P＜0.01）。上述实验结果表明：动物生长期及生长肥育期相继添喂三种生理调节剂可以明显影响动物的IGF-I、GH水平和代谢活动，从而促进动物生长，提高肌肉比率。 实验系列二 选取五只装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的去势公山羊，以青干花生秧+精料为基础日粮。实验采取前后自身对照的方法。第一阶段为对照期，饲养一周后采取血样和瘤胃液样；第二阶段精料内添加15mg/kg·BW·d的CS87，喂服10天；第三阶段精料内添加8mg/kg的F89喂服5天。第四阶段精料内添加0.1mg/kgBW的CIM，喂服5天。与第一阶段相比，第二阶段瘤胃液中 郭留君几种生理调节剂对动物生长及有关神经内分泌的影响总挥发性脂肪酸（TVFA人 乙酸l丙酸（AN人 NH3村和 Q－氨基氮（AAN）分别提高17．47％0刃刀5），4．09％，13．98％（P＜0．05）和！．28％，第三阶段四者分别提高．12．82％（P—0．07），7．73％，5．38％和．32．69％（P＜0．05）；第四阶段四者分别提高3．33％，o．45％，－9．68％和8．33％：潘胃微生物蛋白（MCP）在整个过程中没有显著变化。血液中NH。N在第二阶段，第三阶段，第四阶段分别升高．19．70％（＊刃刀5），67人＊％（P＜o刀1），9．巴5％；AAN分别提高0．40％，37．65％（P＜0刀1），8．37％；SUN分别下降3．44％，6乃5％，15．48％· o＝0．00。实验结果表明阶段性相继饲喂在一定程度上提高瘤胃发酵和氮代谢，促进体内对氮的吸收和利用，抑制蛋白降解代谢。’ 实验系列三四只装有永久性瘤胃瘦管的山羊，采用自身对照的方法，第一阶段为 1期，即对照期，饲喂青干草；第二阶段为＊期，添加 0．3mg！kg·BWd的Clenbuterol（CL），第三阶段为互 期，添力0二m叭g”BW、d CL十sing／kg F89，第四阶段为 IV期，添加 0．3mg／kg”BWd的 CL＋sing／kg的 F89＋15mghe”BWdCS87，以上均饲喂7天。与对照期相比，CL期瘤胃液D汗A，NH3－N，AAN和＊＊P分别升高－19．55％（P＜0乃5），15．51％（P＜0刀5），14．40WP功＊匀 和－12．08％，A／P比例显著下降。CL＋F89期四者分别升高 23．00o（P＜0．of），43．94％（＜0刀1），120．16o／o（P＜刀1）和－I6．ZI％。Ap下降不明显。CL＋F89＋CS87期四者分另升高9．95％，55．74％（卜0刀1），181人8W卜0刀1）和25．66WP＜0刀5），A／P 比例明显下降。血液中NH3－N 在后三个阶段依次升高19二3仰P＜o．05），23．巴5W＊刃＊1）和3且．54WP＜o＊5）；AAN在后三个阶段依次升高－11．29％，！3．54％（P＜o．05）和5．87％；血液中＊UN的含量依次升高9．68％，32·26％（P＜o．05）和4O刀0仰＊仍．of）；血液中生长激素（oH）在实验处理阶段变化不显著。本实验表明：CL使发酵类型由乙酸型转化为丙酸、丁酸型发酵，氮代谢增强；CL＋F89能使瘤胃酵解有所提高，丙酸型发酵和氮代谢进一步增强；CL＋F89＋CS87能加强对能量和氮的利用，使瘤胃纤维素降解和微生物蛋白质合成均有显著性提高，氮代谢和荫留在后三阶段依次提高；三种生理调节剂之间在一定程度上存在协同效应。 2 摘 要 二、大豆黄团对雄性大鼠和去势仔猪生长及有关内分泌的影响 实验系列四：24只断乳雄性大鼠随机分为实验组和对照组，实验组饲喂 添加 3mg八g大豆黄酮的日粮，饲喂 30大。与对照组相比，实验组大鼠日增 重，采食量，料重比分别提高 14．90％（P（．of），18．31％（P＜0．05）和 1．61％； 胭体重，腰胁部脂肪重，胖肠肌重，骨骼净重分别提高 16．6％（P＜0．05），11．5％，8．8％和14．5％（P＜0．05）；其?更多还原

【Abstract】 F89,CS87 and ~ -agonist supplemented consecutively were used to study the effects of them on the growth performance of non-ruminant animals and the rumen metabolism of ruminant animals, meanwhile,daidzein was used to study the effects on growth of male rats and castrated piglets.The research includes two parts. Part I Effect of three physiological regulators supplemented consecutively on the growth performance of non-ruminant animals and the rumen metabolism of ruminant animals. Series 1 Growing rats were fed diet supplemented with 2 mg/kg F89 for 42 days, then with 14.2 mg/kg BWd CS87 for 25 days, finally with 4 mg/kg Cimaterol for 25 days. Compared with control group, F89 increased feed intake 13 .93%(p<0.0 1) per day BW gain 20.25% and decreased feed/gain 5.3 1%;CS87 increased significantly feed intake 10.81% and BW gain 13.00% and decreased feed/gain 1.97%; CIM increased feed intake 4.11% and decreased BW gain 56.86%(P<zO.05)and feed/gain -141 .36%.At the end of this experiment, the weight of gastrocnemius (right side) and its relative percentage to the body weight were increased by 33.33%(P<0.05) and 26.67% (P<0.05), respectively.The concentrations of GH. IGF-I and FFA in serum were increased by 7.98%(p<0.O1 ),27.77%(p<O.Ol )and 41 .06%(p<O.OS), respectively; whereas that of SUN decreased by 19.48%(p<0.01).These results 55 $~ demonstrate that growing rats fed F89,CS87 and Cimaterol consecutively may enhance the levels of GH .~ IGF-l in serum and affect the activity of metabolism significantly, furthermore increase the growth of rats and the validity of lean meat. Series 2 Five castrated male goats with permanent rumen fistulae were used to study the effect of Cs (15 mg/kg. BW.d) supplemented for 10 days,F89(2 mg/kg) for Sdays and Cimaterol (8 mg/kg) for 5 days consecutively on rumen metabolism. Compared with those of control stage, at the end of CS87 experimental stage, the A/P ratio, the concentration of TVFA, NH3-N and AAN of the rumen liquid increased by 4.09%, l7.47%(p<O.05), l3.98%(p<0.05) and 1.28%, respectively .At the end of F89 experimental stage, those increased by 7.73%, ?2.82%(p<0.05), 5.38% and ?2.69%; At the end of Cimaterol experimental stage, those increased by respectively 0.45%, 3.33%, -9.68% and 8.33%: the concentration of MCP of the rumen liquid in respective CS87, F89 and Cimaterol stages have no significant change, but the concentration of NH3-N of the blood increased by respectively -19.70% (p<0.0S), 67.42%(p<0.Ol) and -9.85%; Those of AAN increased by 0.4%,37.65%(P<0.01) and 8.37% , respectively. Those of SuN decreased by 3.44%, 6.05% and 1 S.48%(p=O.09), respectively. The results indicate that CS87, F89 and Cimaterol supplemented consecutively improve rumen fermentation and nitrogen metabolism to a certain extent; meanwhile enhance absorbability and validity of nitrogen in vivo. Series 3 Four castrated male goats with permanent rumen fistulae were used to study the effect of Clenbuterol (0.3mg/kgBWd) supplemented for 10 days, Clenbuterol (0.3 mg/kgBWd) +F89 (8 mg/kg) for 10 days, Clenbuterol (0.3 mg/kgBWd)+F89 (8 mg/kg)+Cs87 (15 mg/kgBWd) for 10 days consecutively on the rumen fermentation and metabolism. Compared with those of control stage, the concentration of TVFA, NH3-N, AAN and MCP, at the end of CL stage, increased by respectively -更多还原