【作者】 吴刚；

【导师】 谢联辉；

【作者基本信息】 福建农林大学 ， 植物病理学， 2000， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究选用福建农业大学植物病毒研究所保存的烟草花叶病毒TMV的强毒株系经大量繁殖并提纯后，用一系列的物理和化学和生物方法对其进行了灭活处理；选用多种植物进行抗病毒活性物质的提取，并将提取物对TMV进行了灭活处理；采用半叶法与A蛋白酶联免疫吸附法（PAS-ELISA）对病毒的灭活结果进行了检测。 检测结果发现：物理因素对病毒的灭活起了重要作用，最重要的物理因素为温度和光线（包括紫外线）。高温是灭活病毒的一种有效途径。而且随着温度的上升，TMV的存活率下降。当温度达到80℃以上时，TMV已经难以存活了。紫外线的照射能迅速有效地灭活病毒。在近距离内，用30W的紫外灯照射10min就能有效地灭活病毒。当照射时间达到20min以上时，病毒的存活率就降到了很低的水平。铜、银等重金属离子和乙醇、甲醛、过氧化氢、SDS等多种有机物对于TMV有一定程度的灭活作用。此外，多种植物提取物对TMV也具有一定程度的灭活作用，包括羊蹄甲（Bauhinia variegata）、乌莓（Cayratia japonica）、蟛蜞菊（Wedelia chinensis）、鬼针草（Bidensbipinnata）、榕树（Ficus microcarpa）、苦瓜（Monordica charantia）、心叶烟（Nicotiana glutinosa）、黄槐（Cassia surattensis）、细叶桉（Eucalyptus tereticornis）等植物叶片的提取液。在这些提取物中苦瓜蛋白等物质对TMV具有抑制作用。 最后，本文还对植物抗病毒蛋白的作用机理，提取植物抗病毒活性物质的注意事项以及病毒灭活理论在生产上的一些应用做了讨论。更多还原

【Abstract】 This thesis chooses the tobacco mosaic virus which is kept in the institute of plant virology in the Fujian agriculture university as the study material.After greatly reproducing and purifying of TMV,a series of physical chemical and biologic methods were used to inactivate the virus.And the method of half-leaf method and PAS-ELISA were used to check up the result. The final result is that:the physical factors do a great deal to inactivate the virus,the most important physical factors contain temperature and light. And with the increasing of the temperature,the livability of TMV come down.When the tempterature is higher than 80 C ,TMV can hardly survive.Ultraviolet radiation can quickly and efficiently inactivate TMV.In close quarters,10 minutes of UV radiation produced, by UV lamp of 30W can kill TMV in some degree.When the irradiation is more than 20 minutes,the survival of TMV go down to a very low level. However the chemical factors which have something to do with the inactivation of water virus may possiblly contain:,heavy metals (such as copper and silver) and some chemicals (such as C2H5OH,CH3CHO,H202 and so on)which can change the nucleic acid and the protein crust of the virus (such as formaldehyde and benzene) . And some materials purified from some plants may inactivate the TMV in some degrees.These plant contain Bauhinia variegata . Cayratia japonica Wedelia chinensis Bidens bipinnata ) 2 Ficus micro carpa Monordica charantia Nicotiana glutinosa Cassia surattensis.. Eucalyptus tereticornis and so on.Among these extractions balsam pear protein is found to be able to inactivate TMV. At last,this paper particularly discusses the inactivating mechanism of plant antivirus protafn ,phonetic notations in extracting plant antivirus substance and the appliance of the inactivating theory in yield.更多还原