新型串级调速系统的研究

【作者】 苏利敏；

【导师】 刘志强；

【作者基本信息】 河北工业大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2000， 硕士

【摘要】 晶闸管串级调速系统作为一种高效、节能的调速方案，具有装置结构简单、维护容易、能实现连续平滑地调速等优点，尤其是对风机、泵类等大容量平方转矩负载进行控制时，其节能效果是十分可观的。但对它提高功率因数和降低谐波对电网污染却一直是困扰人们的课题。 本文首先从普通串调原理入手，简要分析了影响串调系统功率因数的主要因素；在对三相四线双晶闸管串级调速、新型GTO串级调速等几种高功率方案进行分析与比较的基础上，提出了一种新型三相四线制双IGBT串级调速控制方案。 文中给出了系统的工作原理，详细分析了新型控制方案对系统功率因数的改善情况；对系统中各个环节的参数进行了分析计算，给出了具体计算公式。以80C196单片机为核心组成了全数字新型串级调速控制系统，针对该方案所要求的控制和触发脉冲，设计了新型数字触发器。为了进一步证实该方案的正确、可行性，本文首先用MATLAB软件对整个系统的动态性能进行了仿真与分析；又借助ICAP软件，对改进后的逆变电路进行了仿真分析，并在此基础上进行了实验验证。 计算分析及仿真结果表明，改进后串调方案能够较大程度地提高系统功率因数；另外，由于逆变变压器容量较传统串调系统有明显减少，串调装置与电网之间的能量交换大大减少，因此谐波对电网的污染在一定程度上得到抑制。更多还原

【Abstract】 The slip energy recovery induction motor driving systems have been used for many years for the speed control of large wound rotor induction motors. It provides us a simple and efficient form of AC variable-speed drive, which is of special interest for pumps, fans and other loads whose torque is proportional to the square of the speed. Since it absorbs the reactive power from power line, the whole system has a lower power factor, which affects its application in wide ranges. In this paper, the basic principle of the conventional slip energy recovery induction motor drive is discussed. Two kinds of slip energy recovery induction motor driving systems with high factors are discussed, and the performance analysis of these methods is compared. On the basis of above, a new type of three-phase and four-line slip energy recovering drive is proposed. Its special feature is that the rotor circuit doesn抰 absorb reactive power from power line, and on the other hand it can provide reactive power, which raises the power factor of the whole system greatly. This paper makes a concrete analysis of the working principles of this new method. The improvements of power factor with this new method are studied in greater detail. The parameter of each segment is calculated, and the particular formulas are given. A new type of numerical slip energy recovering drive systems controlled by 80C 196 Single-Chip microcomputer is composed. Be aimed at the pulse signal of this new method, a numerical trigger is designed and verified by means of simulation and tests. The results produced by calculation and simulation shows that the news scheme can raise power factor of the whole system in a great degree. In addition, the capacity of the reverse transformer is smaller than that of conventional system, so the pollution of power line caused by harmonics are restrained in certain degrees.更多还原