【作者】 储文青；

【导师】 何俊；

【作者基本信息】 安徽大学 ， 刑法学， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 随着经济全球化的发展,市场经济体制的逐步建立,直销这一新型销售和服务的模式也迅速的传入我国。由于直销制度本身的不完善,以及我国的经济环境等因素,直销的发展受到阻碍,甚至一些人利用直销从事违法犯罪活动。传销犯罪在国内的大面积爆发,严重影响人们的生活,危害经济的发展,破坏市场和社会秩序。传销具有人数众多,地域性广,流动性大等特点,极易演变成组织性犯罪和其他恶性的刑事犯罪。在经济领域,传销是一种带有欺骗性的经济违法行为,严重侵害了公民的财产权利。在《刑法修正案七》公布实施之前,没有关于传销犯罪的专门立法,对于传销行为的犯罪,多数按非法经营罪等罪名处罚。传销犯罪的入刑对于打击传销犯罪起到积极的作用,但是语言的不完美和法律本身的滞后性就要求我们必须不停止对犯罪的研究。直销,是指直销企业招募直销员,由直销员在固定营业场所之外直接向最终消费者推销产品的经销方式。不同的国家和地区对直销有不同的定义。直销大体的可以分为,单层次直销与多层次直销。多层次直销又分为合法传销与非法传销。非法传销也就是本文所要叙述的传销,法律明确规定了三种明令禁止的传销行为。传销作为多层次直销的一种,与多层次直销又有着很多的相同点与不同点。传销的非法性必然导致传销法律规制的发生、发展。从一开始的无法律规制阶段,发展到有一般法律规制的阶段,再到刑法规制的阶段,逐步的规范传销行为。传销犯罪有其特殊的行为特点,如利益性和欺骗性、等级性、特殊的计酬返利、强制性。本文以组织、领导传销活动罪为基础对传销犯罪的构成要件进行分析。传销犯罪的主体为一般主体,主观方面表现为故意,犯罪客体为市场经济秩序、财产所有权和人身自由,犯罪的客观方面表现为违反国家规定,组织、领导传销活动,扰乱市场秩序的行为。传销犯罪的认定要解决的问题包括两个方面,即罪与非罪,此罪与彼罪的关系。符合传销犯罪的犯罪构成的行为,才能被认定传销犯罪。在司法认定过程中,从犯罪构成的四个方面区分传销犯罪与其他容易混淆的罪名。本文从主体方面,客观方面,立案追诉标准等方面叙述传销犯罪的立法缺陷。因此对于传销犯罪的立法完善,也从这几个方面入手。传销犯罪的主体应该包括积极参与者,客观方面应该包括“团队式计酬”,立案追诉标准应该具有可选择性,并将犯罪的数额也作为立案追诉标准的一种。综上,对于传销犯罪的立法,笔者认为传销犯罪的罪名应该更名为传销诈骗罪。为了符合罪责刑相适应的原则,对于情节严重和情节特别严重的行为,应该适当的提高刑罚的幅度。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of economic globalization, the gradual establishment of the market economy system,the direct selling which have the new sales and service is also rapidly into china.Due to the direct sales system itself is not perfect, and the factors such as economic environment, the development of direct selling have been hampered, even some people use direct marketing to engage in criminal activities. Pyramid sales crime in the domestic large outbreak, the serious influence people’s life and harm the development of economy, market and social order.Pyramid selling has a large number, wide regional, liquidity characteristics, easily evolved into organized crime and other vicious criminal cases. In the economic sphere, pyramid selling is a deceptive economic illegal behavior, serious infringement of the property rights of citizens. Before the implementation of "criminal law amendment seven", there is no special legislation,the majority of pyramid selling most identified as the crime of illegal business and other charges. pyramid sales crime in crimial law play a positive role to crack down Pyramid selling,but the language is not perfect and the lag of law itself requires that we must not stop the study of crime.Direct selling, direct selling companies recruit salespeople, salespeople outside the fixed place of business to sell products directly to the final consumer distribution methods.Different countries and regions have different definitions on direct selling. Direct selling in general can be divided into singel-level direct selling and multilevel direct selling. The law explicitly provides three pyramid selling behavior.There are a lot of similarities and differences between pyramid selling and multi-level direct selling. Pyramid selling illegal inevitably leads to pyramid selling law regulation of the occurrence and development.Beginning is no law regulating stage, then the general stage of legal regulation, the last stage is criminal law, and gradually to regulate the behave.Pyramid selling has its special behavior characteristics, such as interest and deceptive, grade, special payment rebate, mandatory. In this paper, on the basis of the Organization, leadership pyramid schemes sin to analyzes the constitutive requirements of pyramid selling. Pyramid selling criminal main body as the general subject, subjective aspect is intentionally, crime object to the market economic order, property rights and personal freedom, objective aspect of crime is in violation of state regulations, organizing, leading pyramid selling activities, and disturbing the order of market behavior. Decided pyramid selling criminal includes two aspects, namely crime and not crime, this crime and those crimes. Conforms to the behavior of the pyramid selling crime constitution, can be identified as pyramid selling criminal.In the pocess of judicial cognizance,four aspects of the crime constitution must be the baise to distinguish pyramid selling criminal and confusing crime. In this paper, from the aspects of subject, objective aspect, the three aspects of pyramid selling criminal prosecution standards legislation defects. So for pyramid selling criminal legislation perfect, also from these aspects to narrative. Pyramid selling criminal subject should include active participant, objective aspect should include "team paid", proceeding of standards should be selective, and money amount of crime as a standard for prosecution.In conclusion, the pyramid selling criminal legislation, the author thinks that the crime of pyramid selling criminal should be renamed as pyramid selling fraud. In order to comply with the principles of criminal culpability adaptation,the magnitude of the penalty should be appropriate to improve for the circumstances are serious and especially serious acts.更多还原