【作者】 潘婧；

【导师】 卞利；

【作者基本信息】 安徽大学 ， 民俗学， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 儒家思想经由历史的演进逐渐渗入国人思想深处,其对徽州的影响,可由朱熹学说之于徽州文化的深远影响略窥一二：如“三纲五常”对徽州妇女的压迫,妇女卑微的社会地位以及类似买卖婚姻中妇女的被动地位；婚姻中对传宗接代绵延子嗣的看重,由撒帐、步入婚房的踩布袋,陪嫁的酒壶等皆透露出徽州人对生子的强烈渴求；而新婚夫妻拜祖坟中的重“孝”观念可视为徽州严苛浓重的宗族观念、人情伦理的一角。尽管在当代社会变迁大背景中,人们的观念在外来冲击下发生了诸多变化,但儒家思想依然渗透于新旧交替的徽州现代婚俗中。而因外部冲击的不同程度、经济水平的高低等因素可能致使城乡间的婚俗与婚礼馈赠产生差异。为研究徽州婚俗中传统与现代、城市与乡村间的差异,笔者选取黄山市屯溪区(城市个案)、徽州区岩寺镇虹光村(农村个案)、休宁县雁里村(农村个案)为主要考察对象。文中简要介绍上述调查点的基本生态文化环境,选取能代表当地一般水平的案例,针对本文考察重点——徽州城乡间婚俗与婚礼馈赠的差异进行分析,并辅以其他特殊案例进一步比对城乡间的差异。婚俗中基本的仪式当属“六礼”,作为传统婚礼基本仪式流程的“六礼”是研究现代婚俗变迁的理想切入点,将现代城乡婚俗调查的个案与传统婚俗相比照,可以阐述徽州地区婚俗的传统与现代的变化、城市与乡村之间的差异。婚礼馈赠亦是婚俗中反映地方文化的镜面,笔者结合现代城乡婚礼馈赠中有关嫁妆、彩礼、礼单等实例,阐述当前城乡间的馈赠及相关社会关系网络构成等方面的差异。最后试图从政治经济、制度、新观念等角度分析现代徽州婚俗与婚礼馈赠于城乡间存在的差异,并分析现代徽州婚俗并未产生太大变异的深层文化内涵,及其与徽州地域文化之间的联系。更多还原

【Abstract】 Confucianism occupies a very important part in the history of Chinese culture. Through the evolution of history, it gradually infiltrated into the deep part of people’s mind, and its sublte thinking conceptual has integrated into the deepest part of people’s life. Confucianism’s deep influence of Huizhou can more evident by Zhu Xi’s far-reaching impact in Huizhou. Zhu Xi was born in Huizhou. He inherited and concluded the Confucian orthodoxy ideas which were once being interrupted form Mencius. Then he was developed Han Yu and Cheng Yi, Cheng Hao’s doctrine of their Orthodox View, and he combined their own academic point with his one. Finally the Xin’an Neo which composed of his thoughts was born, and ultimately it has become the philosophica’s core of Hui Culture. A glimpse of the Confucianism’s influence in Huizhou is Marriage Culture. Such as:the oppression of women in Huizhou which comes from "three cardinal guides and the five permanent members Tsunatsune theory"; the women’s humble social status such as women’s passive position in the marriage which seems like a trading; the main point of marriage is to continue the family line, which can be found through walk on the bag till into the marriage room, the flagon which is one of the essential dowry can reveal their caving of children; how strong the concept of clan and human ethics influence Huizhou can show by"filial piety" which expressd through the newly married couple worship the ancestor’s grave of bridegroom. Although in the context of contemporary the vicissitude of society brings many external shocks to people which changed their mind, Confucianism still permeates the Huizhou’s marriage customs in the period of social transition. And due to different degrees of external shocks, different political and economic levels may cause so many differences between urban and rural Marriage and wedding gifts.For study the differences between traditional. and modern, urban and rural marriage customs in Huizhou, I selected Tunxi District (as city case), Hongguang village (as rural case), and Yanli Village (as rural case) to be the main objects. This paper briefly introduces basic ecological and cultural environment of the survey cases, then selected the local cases which can represent the general level to analyze the differences of Marriage and wedding gifts between urban and rural in Huizhou, which is the key of this paper. And when comparing differences between urban and rural, the analysis will combined with other special cases of Marriage."Six Ritual" is the basic ceremony of Marriage Customs."Six Ritual" which process as the traditional wedding ceremony will be a good starting point for study the changes of modern marriage customs. Through investigating the cases of modern urban and rural marriage customs and comparing the traditional marriage customs with the modern ones in the Huizhou region, men quarry the differences between urban and rural in Huizhou’s Marriage.In the marriage customs, wedding gift can also reflect the local culture. When elaborating the differences between urban and rural in wedding gifts and social networks, the author would combined it with dowry, bride price, gift lists which are formd modern urban and rural wedding gifts. At last for analyzing the links between the deep cultural connotation which may cause less variation modern Huizhou Marriage Customs and Huizhou regional culture. Political and economic, social system and the new concept would be good perspective to expound when analisis which result the diversities between urban and rural in modern Huizhou Marriage and wedding gifts,.更多还原