【作者】 杨箫菡；

【导师】 李玉辉；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 企业管理， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 随着国家取消高等院校毕业生分配政策,引导毕业生自主择业和大规模的研究生扩招,研究生就业难的问题日渐凸显。这其中既有政策背景因素在里面,又有社会、教育、个人、家庭等因素的影响。但是影响研究生就业的最根本因素还是研究生的择业观念。择业观念是诸多心理要素的集合,这些要素与就业机会和就业质量之间的关系究竟如何,尚缺少深入的理论分析和实证研究。本研究的主要目的在于识别那些影响研究生择业观念的关键因素,并探究这些因素对就业的影响关系,以期能增强研究生就业教育的针对性,更有效的提高研究生群体的就业机会和就业质量。本文首先对研究生就业的现状,影响研究生就业的原因及大学生择业观念的影响因素进行分析和梳理,结合以往的理论模型和河南省硕士研究生的就业环境,提出了研究生择业观念影响因素模型,提出择业发展观、择业地位观、择业报酬观、择业代价观四个主要维度影响就业机会和就业质量的假设。其次,根据模型和实际情况进行了问卷的设计和数据的收集。我们以位于郑州市的郑州大学、河南工业大学、河南农业大学、河南财经政法大学和郑州轻工业学院五所高校的2012届毕业研究生作为调查对象,然后运用SPSS18.0软件进行了问卷效度和信度的检测、样本的描述性统计及相关变量的独立样本t检验和方差分析,验证了问卷的合理性以及部分因素和因变量之间的关系,通过相关性分析和回归分析,检验择业观念各个维度对就业机会和质量的影响。研究结果表明：(1)个人背景影响研究生的择业观念。(2)择业观念各维度影响毕业研究生的就业质量。(3)择业观念各维度影响毕业研究生的就业机会。在分析结果的基础上,我们建议高校应当重视对研究生职业生涯规划的教育引导,注重学术培养与社会需求的结合,注重培养研究生的兴趣爱好,引导研究生客观认识自己的才能,让他们认识社会现实,从而树立正确的职业价值观,并在此基础上培养研究生对职业通道的重视和规划。鼓励研究生走多元化就业道路,根据自己的情况选择单位,特别要培养研究生用发展的眼光看待职业选择,教育研究生用积极地态度看待就业。在鼓励研究生多投简历的同时,提醒其根据精力合理选择简历投送渠道。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the state canceled the distribution policy of college graduates but guided the graduates to choose their own jobs and enlarge post-graduate enrollment, the difficult problem of graduate employment is increasingly prominent. The factors causing problem are about policy, social, educational, personal, family and others. But the most fundamental factors affecting the employment of graduate or post-graduate is career aspiration. Career aspiration is a collection of many psychological elements. How the relationship between these elements and employment opportunities and quality of employment is still a lack of theoretical analysis and empirical research. The main purpose of this study is to identify the key factors that affect graduates’ career aspiration and to explore the relationship of these factors impact on employment, in order to seek ways to enhance graduate employment education targeted and more effective to improve employment opportunities and quality.In article we first study on status of graduate employment and scholars’ research. Then we combine with previous theoretical models and the local environment of Henan Province, to build the graduate career concept influencing factors model. We discuss the concept of career development, career status, career reward and career consideration, these are the four main dimensions affect the employment opportunities and quality of employment assumptions. Then we makes a detailed analysis and propose the suitable theoretical assumptions. Secondly, according to the model and the actual situation of the design of the questionnaire we collect data. We choose five colleges and universities located in Zhengzhou City as samples. They are Zhengzhou University, Henan Industrial University, Henan Agricultural University, Henan University of Economics and Law, Zhengzhou Light Industry College. We take their2012post-graduates as a survey and collect the raw data through questionnaires, then use SPSS18.0software to analyze the questionnaires’ validity and reliability. Then we test samples of descriptive statistics and related variables independent sample t-test and variance analysis to verify the relationship between the questionnaire and some of the factors and potential variables, correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis, inspection and viewpoints dimension of employment opportunities and quality. The study results showed that:(1) Personal background affects graduates’ career aspiration.(2) Career aspiration affects career quality.(3) Career aspiration affects career opportunities.On the basis of the results of the analysis, we recommend that colleges and universities should pay attention to the education and guidance of graduate career planning. They should focus on the combination of academic training and social needs, nurture the interests of the graduate students and help them to get an objective understanding of their talents. Those will make them recognize the social reality and establish a correct professional values. On this basis, they can make graduate students realize the importance of career path and planning. Then they can encourage graduate students to the path of diversified employment, choose according to their own situation, in particular, to train graduate students to look at the development of career choices especially to teach graduate students with a positive attitude to look at employment. They should encourage graduate send out more resumes at the same time, but to remind them to choose right resume delivery channels.更多还原