【作者】 何鑫；

【导师】 胡卸文；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 地质工程， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 采空区是指地下矿体被采出后所留下的空间区域及其围岩失稳而产生位移、开裂、破碎垮落,直到上覆岩体整体下沉、弯曲所引起的地表变形和破坏的地区或范围。我国的采空区分布范围较广,特别是煤矿采空区的数量庞大,已经对地表的建筑物、铁路等造成严重的影响。当前我国的铁路建设处于高峰期,煤矿采空区作为铁路工程建设中的地质灾害问题已越来越严重,使用经济合理的方法处理采空区使其危害性降低就显得迫在眉睫。国内大型复杂采空区主要采用注浆充填进行处理,但注浆都是通过钻孔在地下岩体中进行,浆液对采空区的充填效果及破碎岩体的固结作用都无法直接观测,故采空区注浆效果的检测方法成为采空区治理中的关键技术。本文以新建东都-平邑线铁路路基下伏采空区为研究对象,该采空区具有规模大、层数多、开采没有规律、水文地质及工程地质条件复杂、开采资料不完善等特点。通过勘察报告及现场调查对采空区的地形地貌、地层岩性、地质构造等工程地质条件全面了解。明确了采空区的总体特点、煤层的分布情况,分析了采空区的变性规律及已有变形特点。研究各种物探方法的原理并对比其在本工程的适用性选取了电测深、地震波CT及电磁波CT综合物探法并结合钻探作为本采空区的注浆效果检测方法。通过对物探检测数据的解释、分析并结合钻孔岩芯、钻孔注浆验证结果得出检测段的整体注浆效果良好,能够满足采空区顶板围岩的稳定性要求。综合物探法结合钻探验证在本采空区注浆效果检测中的成功应用为今后类似的采空区注浆效果检测工程提供了丰富的理论依据与宝贵的实践经验,可酌情推广。更多还原

【Abstract】 Goaf is the surface deformation and damage district or area that the region of space left by underground ore body being mined and then its surrounding rock instability and displacement、cracking、crushing even breaking down until the overlying rock mass sinking、 bending as a whole.In China goaf is widely distributed especially the large number of coal mine goaf has caused a serious impact on surface buildings or railway etc.Currently China’s railway construction is at its peak,coal mine goaf has become increasingly serious as the geological disaster problem in the construction of railway engineering,and using economical and rational methods governance goaf to reduce its harmfulness is imminent.The domestic large complex goaf mainly use grouting filling for processing, but grouting is by drilling in the underground rock and the goaf filling effect or broken rock consolidation effect of slurry can’t be directly observed,so the goaf grouting effect detection methods become a key technology in the goaf governance.This article selects new railway Dongdu-Pingyi foundation goaf as the research object, this goaf with characteristics such as large-scale multi-layered、no law of mining、hydro geological and engineering geological conditions are complicated、and mining data is incomplete etc.By the means of survey report and site investigation have a comprehensive understanding of the engineering geological conditions of goaf such as topography、lithology geological structure etc. Identified the general characteristics of the goaf、distribution of coal seams and analysis of the law and existing characteristics of the deformation of the goaf. Through study of the various geophysical methods’principle and compare its applicability in this project selected electrical sounding、the seismic waves CT and the electromagnetic wave CT integrated geophysical method combination of drilling as detection methods of the goaf grouting effect.By the interpretation and analysis of the geophysical testing data and combined with drill core、the results of drilling grouting verify t figure out that the overall grouting effect of detection segment is good, able to meet the requirements of the goaf roof rock stability.The successful application of integrated geophysical combined drilling to verify the grouting effect detection of this goaf provides a theoretical basis and valuable practical experience for future similar goaf grouting effect detection works so can be promoted under the circumstance.更多还原