【作者】 谯苗苗；

【导师】 赵炜；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 城市规划与设计， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 论文以社区环境为研究切入点,以汶川地震灾区城镇重建社区环境评价为目标,采用灾区居民为评价主体的主观评价方法,进行了评价因子选取,评价体系模型构建,实证案例评价等工作。建立了一套灾区重建社区环境的诊断、评判、反馈机制。根据实证研究反馈信息,对评价体系提出了完善方法,对灾区社区环境提出了建设建议。论文主要包含了基础研究、评价指标体系模型构建、实证研究和信息反馈四个方面。基础研究在于把握社区环境概念,领会主观评价要领,明确灾后重建的目标导向,为后期研究提供正确导向。评价因子集构建阶段,采用文献阅读、专家咨询,收集、提炼与灾区重建社区环境相关的普适性及灾害特殊性因子,采用访谈法和问卷法,深入灾区收集实时因子,建立了因子集。运用德尔菲法对因子进行分析、甄别,构建了灾害及重建特殊背景下,具有针对性、层次性、系统性的社区环境评价因子集,包括一个目标层,6个一级因子,27个二级因子,100个三级因子。研究选取了都江堰壹街区、汶川映秀镇、北川尔玛社区和新川社区四个样本作为实证案例。通过结构问卷和资料查阅收集样本数据,建立数据库。采用“量化与质化相结合”的评价技术体系,以层次分析法为主建立不同城镇类型的评价指标体系模型；综合运用模糊综合评判法、加权平均法等数学方法,进行了综合量化评价和分级量化评价；辅助以均值分析和质化评价等方法,对评价样本进行分析评价。根据实证研究反馈信息,总结了评价因子集、数据库、评价指标体系模型构建和综合评价工作的经验和不足,从技术上和方法上提出了改进意见。研究结论显示样本社区突出的共同问题在于安全问题受到高度关注,心理安全和日常安全有待加强,社区入住率低,设施建设完善但不具规模化,设施管理运营、社区管理和社区文化成为灾后社区建设短板等。通过结论分析,诊断出样本重建症结所在,并从灾区产业发展、公共服务品质、社区管理、社区文化、社区设施配置等方面提出了反馈建议。为灾区合理的政策制定,改进物质空间的人性化设计,提高安居环境可持续发展水平打下了研究基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 This thesis use an entry point about community environment, targeting at the environment assessment of urban reconstruction community within Wenchuan post-earthquake area. The main body of the subjective assessment methodology is the residents of the post-disaster area, and the study includes choosing factors, building the evaluation system model and evaluating real evidence case. A mechanism system of diagnosis, assessment and feedback for reconstruction community is established in this study. This system is based on the feedback information of real cases to further improve the system and make recommendation to reconstruction community environment.There are four major segments in this study, which are basic research, evaluation index system model establishment, real cases study and information feedback.Providing correct guidance to the later-stage research, the basic research aims to grasp the community environment concept, introduce the methodology of subjective assessment and set clear objective of post-disaster reconstruction.In the stage of establishment of factor collection, the author applies methods of reading literature, consulting experts, collecting and refining general and specific factors relevant to the reconstruction community environment. The factors are collected by discussion and questionnaire in the post-disaster area to establish factor set. After that the Delphi technique is applied to analyze and screen the factors, and then a specific, hierarchical and systematic evaluation index system of community environment is established in the context of post-disaster and reconstruction, which includes one destination layer,6first-class factors,27secondary factors,100third-class factors.Four samples of Dujiangyan, Yingxiu, Beichuan Erma community and Xinchuan community are picked in this study. Data base is built by questionnaire and other information source. The assessment system includes qualitative and quantitative methods. Hierarchical analysis is used to establish assessment models of different types of town; Math methods such as fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and weighted arithmetic average are adopted to proceed general quantitative analysis and hierarchical quantitative analysis; ANOM and qualitative analysis are also applied to assist the sample analysis and evaluation. Based on the feedback information from the real cases research, the experience and defect of factor collection, database and assessment system model establishment and the compromise evaluation work is summarized, and recommendation is offered to improve the methodology.Conclusions show the sample community highlight common problem is the security issue has been highlighted, psychological safety and daily safety needs to be strengthened, community low occupancy rate, perfect but do not have large-scale infrastructure, facilities management operation, community management and community culture become short boards of post-disaster construction, etc. Based on the result of analysis, this study diagnoses the problems in reconstruction and comments on the industrial development, public service, community administration, culture and community supporting facilities in the post-disaster area. Finally, this study contributes to a research basis in fields of policy-making, humanization design and residential sustainable environment in the post-disaster area.更多还原