【作者】 简浩；

【导师】 范东明；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 测绘工程（专业学位）， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 起算数据误差一直是测量平差数据处理中的一个重要组成部分,不管是在多级网的建立还是在扩展网的建立还是在任何需要使用到起算数据的数据处理过程中,只要起算数据存在不可忽视的误差,就都需要我们对这部分误差加以重视并进行处理。本文首先梳理了起算数据误差处理的发展历程以及近年来提出的一些处理方法,并分析比较了这些方法的优劣。然后介绍了几年来发展比较迅速的整体最小二乘平差方法,分析出了整体最小二乘平差法和处理平面网中起算数据误差之间的相关性,运用整体最小二乘平差法来处理平面网起算数据存在误差的情况,推导出了相关的公式,并使用算例证明了此方法处理起算数据带有误差的平面网平差是确实有效的。然后研究了坐标转换中如何处理起算数据误差,当原坐标系的非公共点坐标和两个坐标系中公共点坐标都存在误差时,使用一种无缝三维转换方法来进行转换,可以有效的处理以上坐标误差,使用算例证明了此方法的坐标转换精度是高于普通方法的。并推导了其在二维转换中的计算公式。最后,总结了平面网中各种网型的编程处理方法,并使用Visual C＋＋编写了任意平面网平差计算软件。更多还原

【Abstract】 Initial data errors have been an important part of data processing in surveying adjustment. Whether it is in the establishment of a multi-stage network or in the extended network establishing or used in any data processing processneedinginitial data, as long as the initial data has errors which cannot be ignored. We need to attach importance to this part of the errors and processing.In this thesis, first, wesort out the development history of initial data errors processing as well as the methods proposed in recent years, and to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of these methods. Then we introducedthe total least square (TLS) method which has a rapid development in recent years and identify the correlation between the total least square methodand the process of initial data errors in the horizontal network.Usingthe total least square method to deal with the horizontal network of initial data errors. Then we deduced the formula and used the simulation experiment to demonstrate the feasibility of this method.Next, we study how to deal with the initial data errors in the coordinate transformation. When non-common points in the original coordinate system and common points in the both coordinate system exit errors of coordinates, we use a seamless model for three-dimensional datum transformation to transform the coordinates in different coordinate systems and then derived formula for two-dimensional datum transformation.Finally, we summed up kinds of the programming methods in the horizontal network and used Visual C＋＋to write software for any horizontal networks.更多还原