【作者】 赵晶；

【导师】 陈向东；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 集成电路工程， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 湿度测量对于现代生产、生活,不管是粮食仓储、作物种植、纸张存放,还是家居、办公室、实验室环境等,都有重要作用。相关湿度传感器的设计已经有了不少的研究。石英晶体微天平湿度传感器能够实现数字化测量,通过结合数字电子设备就可以实现湿度的测量。FPGA内部资源丰富,能实现强大的电路功能,并且设计周期短,开发费用低。本文主要针对石英晶体湿度传感器的测量系统,设计了FPGA作为核心器件的QCM湿度传感器,简化了QCM湿度传感器的系统电路结构。本文分析比较了几种QCM湿度传感器的测量方法,在此基础上根据FPGA的特点,制定了以QCM振荡电路法为核心的测量方法；阐述了该QCM湿度传感器测量系统的工作原理、系统构成；完成了由74HC04晶体振荡电路、FPGA核心测量电路和液晶LCD1602显示电路构成的湿度测量系统的主要软硬件设计。制作了整体实物测量电路,选用了两种湿敏材料为基础的QCM湿度传感器,采集了相对湿度与谐振频率变化量的实验数据；测试了QCM湿度传感器短期工作的稳定性能；分析了实验结果,采用最小二乘法对实验数据进行了线性拟合；设计了一种最少分段最小二乘线性拟合法,使拟合度大大提高；文末总结全文,对设计的不足之处提出改进的建议。经过对湿度传感器的系统测试验证了本设计方法的可行性,证明了该系统能够达到预期的设计目标。更多还原

【Abstract】 Humidity measurement for modern production, life, whether it is food storage, crop planting, paper storage, or home, office, laboratory environment, which have an important role. Relative humidity sensor design has a lot of research. Quartz crystal microbalance humidity sensor measurement can be achieved through a combination of digital electronic devices. FPGA internal resource-rich, powerful circuit functions can be achieved, and the design cycle is short, the development costs low. This paper mainly quartz crystal humidity sensor measurement system, the design of the FPGA core components as QCM humidity sensor, humidity sensor simplifies the QCM system circuit structure.This paper analyzes and compares several QCM humidity sensor measurement method, on this basis, according to the characteristics of FPGA, developed a method to QCM oscillator circuit as the core of measurement methods; expounded the QCM humidity sensor measuring system works, system structure; completed by the74HC04crystal oscillator circuit, FPGA core measuring circuit and LCD1602LCD display circuit humidity measurement system consisting of the major hardware and software design.Making the overall physical measurement circuit, the choice of two kinds of moisture sensitive material based QCM humidity sensor, the relative humidity of collected amount of change in the resonant frequency of the experimental data; QCM humidity sensor test the stability of the short-term; analysis of the experimental results, experimental data using the least squares method for linear fitting; design of a linear least squares fitting segmented so fitting greatly improved; the end concludes the paper, the design of the inadequacies of the suggestions for improvement.After a humidity sensor system testing verified the feasibility of the design methods, proved that the system is able to achieve the desired design goals.更多还原