【作者】 王华夏；

【导师】 漆泰岳；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 桥梁与隧道工程， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 我国正处于高速铁路大量建设和投入运营的时期。受到线路平顺性的要求,高速铁路沿线大量使用桥梁和隧道。在未来相当长的时间内,我国都将面临着大量隧道需要定期检修、维护的状况。由于高速铁路隧道自身的特点,检测工作仅依靠普通的人工检测或人工仪器检测无法满足要求。本文基于以上背景,研究了利用图像采集和处理技术的高速铁路隧道衬砌裂缝自动检测系统。本文对高速铁路隧道衬砌裂缝自动检测系统的工作原理进行深入研究,并对系统进行了总体设计,包括图像采集子系统和图像处理分析子系统。提出了系统的相关技术指标要求,针对自动检测系统选取了合适的衬砌裂缝评价指标。本文针对隧道图像采集特点,对图像采集系统进行了硬件选型,使图像采集系统能够满足检测的各项要求,设计了图像采集系统的采集方案。针对采集到的裂缝图像,进行了增强和分割处理,通过实验选取了合适的增强和分割方法,并对分割后的裂缝图像进行了形态学处理,为后续图像分析打下基础。通过读取数字图像的方法,提取了裂缝的特征指标,并根据几何特征对图像中裂缝和其他干扰物进行了筛选和区分。本文通过搭建一套高速铁路隧道衬砌裂缝的图像快速采集系统,并通过图像处理技术对图像进行分析,为我国高速铁路隧道衬砌检测提供了一种可靠的方法,在保证高速铁路安全运营方面有重要意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the current period, a large amount of high-speed railway is in construction and operating in our country. By the requirement of smoothness, high-speed railway using a large number of bridges and tunnels. For a long time in the future, our country will be faced with the status that a large number of tunnels need regular maintenance. Due to the characteristics of the high-speed railway tunnel, detecting work that only rely on artificial detection or manual detection equipment cannot meet the requirements. Based on the above background, this thesis studies the automatic detection system for cracks in high-speed railway tunnel lining which using the image acquisition and processing technology.In this thesis, the principle of automatic detection system for cracks in high-speed railway tunnel lining was deeply researched. And this thesis has gives the overall design of the system, including image acquisition subsystem and image processing subsystem. Appropriate indexes of lining crack evaluation was selected for automatic detection system.According to the characteristics of image acquisition system for tunnel lining, this thesis selected the hardware for image acquisition system which make the image acquisition system can meet the detection requirements. And the acquisition scheme of image acquisition system is designed.In the light of the crack image, suitable methods were selected for the enhancement and segmentation of cracks image through experiments, and mathematical morphology method was used for the crack image after segmentation. These steps lay the foundation for subsequent image analysis.By reading the digital image, the characteristic indexes of crack were extracted, and using the geometric features to discriminate between cracks and other distractors in the images.In this thesis, a set of image acquisition system for cracks in high-speed railway tunnel lining was built.and the crack images were analysed with image processing technology. The system provide a reliable way for the detection of high-speed railway tunnel lining. The system has important significance to ensure the safe operation of high-speed railway.更多还原