【作者】 周文波；

【导师】 龚正君；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 环境工程， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 目前,印染废水排放量大,污染严重,直接威胁到人类的生产生活,因此印染废水的处理一直是环境科学与工程领域的研究重点。本研究选用花生壳、小麦秸秆、稻草秸秆以及玉米秸秆作为生物质类吸附剂材料,采用粉碎、碳化、改性和碳化并改性四类处理方式制备吸附剂,用于对溶液中酸性品红的吸附研究。在吸附单因子最优化条件下,结合模型初步分析吸附过程的吸附动力学、等温吸附特征以及吸附热力学,并对吸附过程机理进行了一定探讨。(1)生物质原材料对酸性品红的吸附研究论文中对四种生物质材料吸附酸性品红的单因子条件进行了系统研究,其最佳吸附条件为：花生壳、小麦秸秆、稻草秸秆和玉米秸秆的最佳pH分别为1,2,1,2,吸附时间分别为8h,8h,8h,12h,最佳投加量均为0.6g,在O.1-0.3mol/L的NaCl浓度范围,离子强度误差在12.33%-15.99%之间；对四种吸附剂对酸性品红的吸附过程进行分析,符合准一级动力学方程,拟合相关系数R2为0.990,0.974,0.869,0.925,吸附速率常数k1在0.176-0.339之间；研究该体系在283K、303K、323K温度下的吸附等温线,四种体系与Langmuir模型、Freundlich模型和Tempkin模型的拟合相关度均较好,相关系数均达到了0.900以上,根据Langmuir理论,常温(10℃)条件下,四种生物质材料的理论吸附量分别21.592mg/g,11.524mg/g,8.119mg/g,24.399mg/g;吸附热力学研究结果表明生物质材料对酸性品红的吸附为一自发、放热过程。(2)生物质碳化材料对酸性品红的吸附研究论文中对四种碳化材料吸附酸性品红的单因子进行了系统研究,其最佳吸附条件为：花生壳炭黑、小麦秸秆炭黑、稻草秸秆炭黑和玉米秸秆炭黑的最佳pH分别为1,1,2,2,吸附时间分别为10h,10h,8h,10h时可达吸附平衡,最佳投加量均为0.3g,碳化温度为750℃,在0.1-0.3mol/L的NaCl浓度范围,离子强度误差在6.78%-12.47%之间；四类碳化材料对酸性品红的吸附主要符合准二级动力学,拟合相关系数R2为0.993,0.995,0.974,0.956,吸附速率k2在0.013-0.046之间；等温吸附研究结果表明,四类碳化材料对酸性品红的吸附以多层吸附为主,等温吸附主要符合Freundlich方程和Tempkin方程；吸附热力学研究结果表明生物质碳化材料对酸性品红的吸附为一自发、吸热过程。(3)生物质改性材料对酸性品红的吸附研究氯化锌改性并微波活化制备改性材料。论文中对四种碳化材料吸附酸性品红的单因子进行了系统研究,其最佳吸附条件为：改性花生壳、改性小麦秸秆、改性稻草秸秆和改性玉米秸秆的最佳pH分别为1,1,1,2,吸附时间分别为12h,12h,10h,12h时可达吸附平衡,最佳投加量均为0.1g,在0.1-0.3mol/L的NaCl浓度范围,离子强度误差范围为8.48%-12.11%；吸附动力学研究表明,准一级动力学、准二级动力学一级颗粒内扩散模型均能很好的拟合改性小麦秸秆和改性稻草秸秆的吸附动力学过程,改性花生壳和改性玉米秸秆分别符合准二级动力学和准一级动力学方程；等温吸附研究结果表明,生物质类改性材料对酸性品红的吸附以多层吸附为主,等温吸附主要符合Freundlich方程和Tempkin方程；吸附热力学研究结果表明生物质碳化材料对酸性品红的吸附为一自发、放热过程。(4)生物质碳化改性材料对酸性品红的吸附研究lmol/L磷酸改性450℃碳化材料。论文中对四种碳化材料吸附酸性品红的单因子进行了系统研究,其最佳吸附条件为：改性花生壳炭黑、改性小麦秸秆炭黑、改性稻草秸秆炭黑以及改性玉米秸秆炭黑的最佳pH分别为1,1,1,1,吸附时间分别为6h,6h,8h,6h时可达吸附平衡,最佳投加量均为O.1g,在0.1-0.3mol/L的NaCl浓度范围,离子强度误差在7.26%-11.83%之间；吸附动力学研究表现出一致趋势,模型拟合分析均符合准二级动力学,拟合相关度均在0.972以上,吸附速率常数k2在0.017-0.030之间；等温吸附研究结果表明,生物质类碳化改性材料低温条件下吸附特征表现出极不规范的特点,在323K时对酸性品红的吸附以多层吸附为主,等温吸附主要符合Freundlich方程和Tempkin方程；吸附热力学研究结果表明生物质碳化材料对酸性品红的吸附为一自发、吸热过程。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present, the dye wastewater had a serious pollution and it had a direct threat to the human production and life. So the dye wastewater treatment had been the focus research in the field of environmental science and engineering. In this paper, peanut shells, wheat straws, rice straws and corn straws were used as biomass raw materials to absorb acid fuchsin. There were four kinds of way (crushing, carbonization, modification, carbonization and modification) was used to deal with the raw materials. Under the condition of best single factors, combining with dynamics model, Isothermal adsorption model and thermodynamics model to analysis the adsorption mechanism.(1) Study on the adsorption of acidic with biomassPeanut shells, wheat straws, rice straws and corn straws adsorbing acid fuchsin balance when the pH were1,2,1,2and the time were8h,8h,8h,12h, The best dosing quantity was0.6g, In0.1to0.3mol/L NaCl concentration range, ionic strength error was between12.33%-15.99%; Under the best condition, the behavior of raw biomass materials adsorbing acid fuchsin meet first-order kinetics model, fitting correlation coefficient R2was0.990,0.974,0.869,0.925, and the adsorption rate constant k1were between0.176-0.339; Bring the test data into model, the results showed that the fitting correlation of Langmuir model, Freundlich model and Tempkin model were quit good when the temperature was283K、303K、323K in part, correlation coefficients were reached above0.900, according to the Langmuir theory, under the condition of normal temperature (10℃), the adsorption theory of four kinds of biomass material quantity were21.592mg/g, respectively,11.524mg/g and8.119mg/g and24.399mg/g; Adsorption thermodynamics study results showed that the biomass material of acid fuchsin adsorption was a spontaneous and exothermic process.(2) Study on the adsorption of acidic with carbonized materialsPeanut shells carbon, wheat straws carbon, rice straws carbon and corn straws carbon adsorbing acid fuchsin balance when the pH were1,1,2,2and the time were10h,10h,8h,10h, The best dosing quantity was0.3g, In0.1to0.3mol/L NaCl concentration range, ionic strength error was between6.78%-12.47%;750℃carbonized materials adsorb acid fuchsin in the condition of best factors, four types of carbide material for adsorption of acid fuchsin was in line with the quasi secondary dynamics, the fitting correlation coefficient R2were0.993,0.995,0.974,0.956, and the adsorption rate k2was between0.013-0.046; Isothermal adsorption results indicated that, with the adsorption of acid fuchsin on four types of carbide material was given priority to with multilayer adsorption, isothermal adsorption mainly accorded with the Freundlich equation and Tempkin equation; Adsorption thermodynamics research results show that the biomass carbon materials of acid fuchsin adsorption was a spontaneous and endothermic process.(3) Study on the adsorption of acidic with modified materialsThe modified materials were perpetrated with using ZnCl2as modified agents, and microwave was used to activate the adsorbent. Modified peanut shells, modified wheat straws, modified rice straws and modified corn straws adsorbing acid fuchsin balance when the pH were1,1,1,2and the time were12h,12h,10h,12h, The best dosing quantity was0.1g, In0.1to0.3mol/L NaCl concentration range, ionic strength error was between8.48-12.11%; The results showed that a modified material was multilayer adsorption, and Isothermal adsorption main accord with Freundlich model and Tempkin model; the three dynamics models in this study all can describe the modified wheat and rice straws’ adsorption behavior, modified peanut shells and modified corn straws meet both first-order and second-order kinetics equation, The dynamics parameters indicated that this modified way improved the adsorption ability of wheat straws and rice straws a lot. Adsorption thermodynamics study results showed that the biomass material of acid fuchsin adsorption was a spontaneous and exothermic process.(4) Study on the adsorption of acidic with modified carbonized materialsThe450℃biomass carbon was modified by1mol/L H3PO4, which were used as adsorbent to deal with acid fuchsin. Modified peanut shells carbon, modified wheat straws carbon, modified rice straws carbon and modified corn straws carbon adsorbing acid fuchsin balance when the pH were1,1,1,1and the time were6h,6h,8h,6h, The best dosing quantity was0.1g, in0.1to0.3mol/L NaCl concentration range, ionic strength error was between7.26%-11.83%; The dynamics showed a consistent trend, second-order kinetics equation was suitable, fitting correlation were above0.972, the adsorption rate constant k2was between0.017to0.030; The results showed that modified biomass carbon presented different adsorption characteristics in low temperature condition. When the temperature was323K, multilayer adsorption was the main adsorption behavior, Isothermal adsorption meet Freundlich model and Tempkin model; Adsorption thermodynamics research results showed that the biomass carbon materials of acid fuchsin adsorption are a spontaneous and endothermic process.更多还原