【作者】 李鹏；

【导师】 孙汉旭；

【作者基本信息】 北京邮电大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 随着科技的进步和需求的增长,小型无人飞行器逐渐成为了各国科研机构和高校研究的重点,小型无人飞行器以其良好的机动性、简单的结构、经济低廉的研究经费等特点,在军事和民用领域都发挥着至关重要的作用,可以执行诸如低空侦察任务和灾害现场勘察等危险任务。本文针对一种新型的单桨球形飞行器进行了结构设计,并对其进行了研究和分析。首先研究了国内外各种飞行器的研究和应用现状,总结了各自的优点和缺点,最后指出课题研究目的,对本论文的主要研究内容进行了描述。其次通过理论计算,得出了飞行器的整体结构净升力的计算公式。利用动量定理对螺旋桨产生的升力进行了分析计算,还对导流翼板对飞行器飞行的阻力进行了研究,最后得出了飞行器的净升力的计算公式。并分别对球形飞行器的地面运动和空中飞行的动力学进行了分析与建模,并对所建模型进行了仿真分析。然后对飞行器的主体结构进行了静力学分析,包括在有限元分析软件中的仿真分析和利用材料力学理论进行的理论计算,两种方法的结果基本吻合。再次对飞行器结构的流体动力学进行了分析,借助于计算流体力学分析软件分别对孤立螺旋桨、螺旋桨加机体结构、导流翼板结构在所设定的边界条件下的流场中的受力情况进行了数值仿真。最后从球形飞行器的设计要求出发,提出了飞行器的结构方案,对其运动原理进行了阐述,最后通过分析选定了零部件所用材料,并进行了实验研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the advancement of technology and the growth in demand, small unmanned aircrafts have gradually become the focus of many research institutions and universities in the world. Small unmanned aircrafts have played a very important role both in military and civilian fields with its good maneuverability, simple structure, low cost and other characteristics. It can perform dangerous tasks such as low-altitude reconnaissance missions and hazard exploration. In this thesis, a new single-propeller spherical aircraft structure was designed and studied.Firstly the research and application status of all kinds of aircrafts at home and abroad was studied; and the respective advantages and disadvantages of the aircrafts were summarized. The purpose of the research was pointed out and the main contents of this thesis were described.Secondly the calculation formula of the net lift of the aircraft structure was drawn through theoretical calculation. The lift of the propeller was calculated with the help of the momentum theorem, also the resistance of the deflector flaps was studied. Finally the calculation formula of the net lift of the aircraft was derived. The dynamics of the aircraft both on the ground and in the sky was analyzed and modeled.Thirdly the statics analysis of structure was conducted, including simulation analysis in finite element analysis software and the theoretical calculation with the mechanics of materials. And the results of the two methods are basically consistent.Fourthly the fluid dynamics of the aircraft structure was analyzed. The isolated propeller, airframe structure, and the deflector structure’s forces in the flow field were numerically simulated by means of computational fluid dynamics analysis software.Finally, the aircraft’s structure program was proposed based on the design requirements and its movement principle was expounded in detail. Also the materials of every part were selected through analyses. At last tests were conducted and researched.更多还原