【作者】 王志凯；

【导师】 马华东；

【作者基本信息】 北京邮电大学 ， 计算机科学与技术， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 无线传感网络综合了传感技术、下一代互联网技术和无线通信技术,是物联网技术的重要组成部分。无线感知节点是构建无线传感网络最基础的构件,是一个具有环境量感知、数据处理、无线通信等功能完整的微型计算机系统。在将无线感知节点用于环境监测领域时,遇到了长时间不间断监测带来的挑战,这些挑战对无线感知节点提出了低成本、低功耗、能源自给和感知丰富的要求。本文从环境监测系统遇到的真实问题出发,在对无线感知节点发展现状充分调研、分析、比较的基础上,结合现有研究条件和技术,设计并实现了具有丰富感知功能的光伏供电无线感知节点。论文主要完成了以下工作：(1)对室外复杂环境中的无线感知节点进行需求分析,运用模块化设计思想,提出利用MSP430F1611和CC2420为核心芯片的基本节点设计方案,集成多种传感器的感知方案和采用光伏电源的供电方案。(2)按照模块化设计的思路,完成无线感知节点主体模块的电路设计、PCB设计,并实现了原型节点；基于丰富的感知能力这一需求,感知模块集成六种传感器；为满足节点能源自给的要求,选配光伏电源组件,设计并实现低功耗电源调控电路。(3)利用相应的测试程序和平台,完成了无线感知节点各部分的功能测试。经测试,节点各功能模块均能正常工作。所实现的光伏电源供电的无线感知节点达到了电能自持,感知量丰富,可灵活扩展等设计目标。更多还原

【Abstract】 Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), integrating with sensor technology, next generation network technology and wireless communication technology, is an important aspect of Internet of Things technology. Wireless sensor node is a basic unit for establishing the WSN. It’s a complete microcomputer system for surrounding environment sensing, data processing, and wireless communication. When we use WSN in environment monitoring, we encounter challenges such as large-scale deployment of network and long-term uninterrupted monitoring. These challenges need the wireless sensor node to be low-cost, low-power rich sensor and energy self-sufficiency.After a full investigation, analysis and comparison of existing studies about Wireless sensor node, we design and implement a solar-powered and wireless node which has rich sensor based on existing technologies.Our contributions of this paper can be summarized as follows:1.According to the demand analysis of wireless sensor node for environmental monitoring, and utilizing modularization design idea, we proposes the basic nodes design scheme based on the ultralow power microcontroller MSP430F1611and the RF transceiver CC2420at the core. In our scheme, we integrate multiple sensors and solar photovoltaic power.2. We design and implement the circuit of the main module and the Printed Circuit Board (PCB) in the wireless sensor node based on the modular concept. Auxiliary Circuits of6sensor module and photovoltaic power were implemented. The photovoltaic power uses the photovoltaic cell to generate electricity, the Super capacitor and Battery to store energy, and the hardware control circuit for charging and discharging. 3. We have tested each part function of wireless sensor according to the corresponding testing procedures and platforms. Our experiment results show that each function module can work well, and the established photovoltaic-based Wireless Sensor Node can reach the goal of energy self-sufficiency, rich sensor and flexible to extend.更多还原