【作者】 董海洋；

【导师】 孙汉旭；

【作者基本信息】 北京邮电大学 ， 机械工程（专业学位）， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 自动换刀装置是数控加工中心的重要组成部分,是缩短非切削加工时间,提高生产效率的关键环节。目前国内外在加工中心的振动抑制、切削速度等方面的研究取得了很多成果,但是如何提升自动换刀装置的换刀能力,保证其换刀的可靠性,同时能够时时检测其整个换刀过程中的换刀性能仍然是目前研究的一个难点问题。本文主要针对高速数控加工中心自动换到装置的动态特性进行研究,研究的主要内容如下：首先针对高速数控机床自动换刀装置的机械手换刀能力和换刀过程中装置各部件的换刀性能进行了研究分析,调研了国内外高档数控机床的研究发展现状,包括目前主要使用的自动换刀方式,重点研究了凸轮式自动换刀装置的换刀原理和特点。其次,搭建了凸轮式自动换刀装置的虚拟平台,对其性能进行仿真与理论分析结果进行对比分析,计算出换刀过程中机械手的受力薄弱点,并以此作为依据对机械手的结构进行改进设计,并运用ANSYS和ADAMS对新型机械手进行优化分析,仿真得到新型机械手在换刀性能方面与原有机械手对比有明显的提高。再次,分析了影响自动换刀装置换刀速度及稳定性的因素,在此基础上开发了自动换刀装置动态性能测试平台用于采集换刀过程中的特征信号,并开发了信号处理与分析软件及测试平台人机交互界面。最后,通过现场试验,对换刀机械手换刀过程中的动态特性进行了测试,并对测试结果进行分析,分析结果表明换刀装置的振动状态,夹刀能力等是影响其换刀性能的关键因素。更多还原

【Abstract】 The automatic tool changer is an important part of the CNC machining center, it is the key link to shorten the non-machining time and improve the production efficiency. There has achieved a lot study on the vibration suppression, cutting speed and other aspects of the processing center at home and abroad, but how to improve the tool changer ability and ensure the reliability of the automatic tool changer, at the same time be able to detect the tool changer performance at the tool changer processing is still a difficult problem. The paper focus on the dynamic characteristics of the high-speed CNC machining centers of automatic tool changer, the study is as follows:Firstly, the paper analysis the tool changer capacity and performance of various components in the tool changer processing of the high-speed CNC machine automatic tool changer device, research the development status of high-grade CNC machine tool, including the mainly using automatic tool changer system at present, focus on the principles and characteristics of the cam-type automatic tool changer.Secondly, build a cam-type automatic tool changer virtual platform to simulate its performance and make a comparison with the theoretical analysis results, calculate the force weakness affected by the manipulator in the tool changer processing and as the basis for improving the structure design of the manipulator, use ANSYS and ADAMS to optimize and analysis the new manipulator, the simulation result shows the new manipulator has significantly improved.Thirdly, analysis the factors affecting the speed and stability of the automatic tool changer, on the basis of that develop a test platform for the dynamic performance of the automatic tool changer to acquire the characteristic signal in the tool change processing, and the development of signal processing and analysis software testing and test platform interactive interfaceFinally, through on-site testing of the dynamic characteristics of the tool changer in tool change processing, the analysis results showed that the vibration state of the tool changer and the folder knife ability are the critical factors to affect the tool change performance.更多还原