【作者】 郭真真；

【导师】 王雅红；

【作者基本信息】 兰州大学 ， 世界史， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 20世纪初美国处于快速的城市化进程中,现代意义上的住房问题开始出现。20世纪30年代的经济危机给城市住房带来更大的压力,如何为低收入者提供合理的住房成为一个涉及社会经济的问题。为了解决这一难题,联邦政府在富兰克林·罗斯福就任总统之后开始大规模开发公共住房为低收入者提供低租金的住房。在随后的20世纪,公共住房一直是联邦政府解决低收入者住房问题的主要途径,也成为美国住房保障制度重要的内容。全文由绪论、正文和结语三部分组成。绪论主要介绍了选题意义、研究现状以及本文写作的思路。正文内容分为四部分。第一部分主要探讨20世纪初期美国公共住房兴起的背景,又详细从城市化、经济危机和社会思潮三个角度具体展开进行分析。第二部分介绍了20世纪30年代公共住房政策的具体内容,以20世纪30年代政府颁布的住房方面的立法和在公共工程局以及美国住房署负责下公共住房的开发为侧重点,同时追溯了20世纪30年代之前美国住房的发展状况,在上述内容的基础之上,第三部分对20世纪30年代美国公共住房的特点进行了概括总结,并重点针对公共住房实施过程中带来的影响作以探讨。联邦政府在为低收入者提供廉价住房时却忽略了对其居住环境的改善,导致公共住房内贫困集中化现象的出现,同时加剧了居住区的隔离,并引起了相关的社会经济问题。第四部分是研究20世纪30年代美国公共住房政策得出的一些启示。最后是结语部分,对行文及论点做了简要的概括,同时对中国住房保障制度的发展提出一些建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 The early20th century was a period of rapid urbanization for American while the housing problem in the modern sense began to appear.The economic crisis of the1930s brought greater pressure on urban housing and how to provide reasonable housing for low-income people became a matter of social and economic problem.To solve the housing problem,the federal government began a large-scale development of public housing for low-income persons to provide low-rent housing after Franklin Roosevelt became the president.Later in the20th century, public housing has been the main way for the federal government to solve the housing problems of low-income persons and it has also become an important content of the U.S. housing security system.This thesis deals with three parts which are introduction, text and conclusion.The introduction part introduces the significance of the topic,research status, as well as of the writing idea.The text is divided into four parts. The first part focuses on the background of the rise of the public housing in the United States in the early20th century, but also does a concrete analysis from three angles including the urbanization, which are the economic crisis and the change of ideas.The second part introduces the specific content of the early public housing policy that lay a particular emphasis on the government’s housing legislation and the development of public housing in charge of PWA and USHA,and also traces the development of public housing before the1930s.Based on the above content, the third part has carried on the summary to the characteristics of the public housing in the United States in the1930s and explores the negative influence of the public housing policy in the implementation process.The federal government provided affordable housing for low-income people but they ignored the improvement of their living environment which led to the poverty centralization phenomenon in public housing and exacerbated the isolation of the residential area causing related social-economic issues.The fourth part includes some enlightenments draw fonn the public housing policy of America in the1930s. The conclusion canrries a brief summary of this thesis and arguments and proposes some recommendations for China to develop the housing security system.更多还原