【作者】 王钢；

【导师】 丁杰；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 法律（专业学位）， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 传闻证据规则是英美法系中重要的一项证据排除规则,传闻证据规则是指若某个证据被认定为传闻证据,且该证据并不属于法律规定之例外情况,则法庭不得采纳该证据。传闻证据是指在审判或讯问时作证的证人以外的人所表达或作出的,被作为证据提出以证实其包含的事实是真实的,一种口头或书面的意思表示或有意无意地带有某种意思表示的非语言行为。目前我国刑事司法实践中证人出庭作证率低、大量书面证言即英美法系中的传闻证据被法官采纳作为定案的依据,既不利于公正的审判,也不利于保证被告人的人权。因此,学界呼吁我国应尽早确定刑事传闻证据规则解决此问题,本文通过对英美法系法系传闻证据规则进行分析,结合我国实际情况提出了构建我国传闻证据规则的些许建议。本文分为以下四个部分：第一部分,传闻证据规则基础问题探讨。首先,通过对英美学界不同学说关于传闻证据概念的界定加以分析,确定传闻证据的概念。然后对传闻证据规则的概念加以界定,分析了传闻证据规则的性质。最后介绍了英美传闻证据规则的发展过程,从传闻证据规则的起源、确定、发展了解传闻证据规则的诉讼价值。第二部分,分析了传闻证据规则的立法理由及其例外情况。首先分析了英美法系国家之所以确定传闻证据规则主要是因为传闻证据潜在的不真实性,列举了英美法系确定传闻证据规则的主要立法理由。其次,英美法系国家中传闻证据并不被当然排除,若有法律明文规定之例外情况存在,则可以采纳传闻证据,通过分析英美法系国家的制定法和判例法,列举了英美法系国家传闻证据规则的主要例外情况。第三部分,分析了我国适用传闻证据规则的必要性和现状。通过本文前两部分对英美法系传闻证据规则的分析,结合我国新刑诉法有关证人出庭作证制度的修改和我国刑事司法实践中的具体情况,分析了构建刑事传闻证据规则的必要性。第四部分,提出我国构建刑事传闻证据规则的些许建议。通过分析我国构建传闻证据规则的可行性,认为现阶段我国具备了构建传闻证据规则的有利条件,进而从构建实体性规则和程序性规则两方面提出了构建我国传闻证据规则的具体内容。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hearsay evidence rule is an important evidence rule in the common law system, the hearsay evidence rule means that if an evidence was identified as an hearsay evidence and the evidence does not belong to the legal provisions of the exceptional circumstances, the court shall not accept the evidence as the basis for decision. Hearsay evidence refers to the expression or be made outside to give evidence at the trial or questioning the witness, was put forward as evidence to prove the facts is true, that an oral, written declaration or nonverbal behavior. At present, the witness in our criminal justice practice seldom appear in court, the written testimony that the hearsay evidence in the common law is the judge to adopt as the basis for decision. This will not only harmful to a fair trial, and is not conducive to guarantee the human rights of the accused. Therefore, the scholars appeal that we should as soon as possible to determine the criminal hearsay rule to solve this problem in our country. In this paper, through the analysis of the hearsay evidence rule in the common law system, combined with the actual situation in our country, I put forward some suggestions to construct the hearsay evidence rules in China. My paper is divided into the following four parts:The first part, the discuss of the hearsay evidence rule base. First of all, through the analysis of the different concepts of hearsay evidence in the common law system, I determine the true concept of hearsay evidence. Then I define the concept of the hearsay evidence rule, and analyze the properties of hearsay evidence rule. Finally, I introduce the development process of the hearsay evidence rule, to determine the value of litigation from its development.The second part, the discuss of the legislative reasons and the exceptions of the hearsay evidence rule. First, I analyze that the common law system countries determine the hearsay evidence rule, is mainly because of potential untruth of the hearsay evidence, and then list the main reasons of legislation to determine the rule of hearsay evidence. Secondly, the hearsay evidence is not of course excluded in the common country. If there are exceptional circumstances stipulated by law, the hearsay evidence can be adopted. Through the analysis of the statute and case law in the common law, I list the main exception of the hearsay rule in the common law.The third part, I analyze the necessity and current situation of China application of hearsay evidence rule. Through the analysis of the two part of the paper about the hearsay evidence rule in the common law, combined with the specific circumstances of the criminal justice system in our country, I analyze the necessity of constructing the criminal hearsay rule in our country.The fourth part, I put forward some suggestions of constructing the criminal hearsay rule in our country. Through the analysis of the feasibility of establishing the hearsay evidence rule in our country, I think, the present stage, that our country has favorable conditions for the construction of the rule of hearsay evidence, and then I put forward the concrete contents of the hearsay evidence rule in China, from two aspects of the substantive rules and procedural rules.更多还原