【作者】 郭怀文；

【导师】 刘晓东；

【作者基本信息】 北京林业大学 ， 生态学， 2013， 硕士

【摘要】 森林火灾在燃烧过程中释放大量的含碳气体,不仅对森林生态系统的碳循环造成影响,而且深刻的影响着气候变化。估算森林火灾碳排放,对量化分析森林火灾对生态系统碳循环的影响提供理论依据。本文根据福建三明地区2000～2011年的森林火灾资料,结合野外调查数据,采用蓄积量-生物量转换模型计算得出生物量,进而根据生物量信息估算了三明地区森林火灾碳排放量。研究结果表明,2000～2011年期间,福建三明地区共排放碳量72108.9T～119962.4T,其中马尾松林碳排放量为15826.3T～25369.3T,约占总排放碳量的21%～22%；杉木林损失碳量为33726.0T～52000.9T,约占43.3%～47.8%；针阔混交林损失碳量为8120.31T～15293.74T,约占11.3%～12.7%；阔叶混交林损失碳量为14439.28T～27298.34T,约占20.1%～22.7%。按不同等级森林火灾分析,一般火灾损失碳量为6928.9T～9225.3T,约占总释放碳量的7.7%～9.6%；较大火灾火烧损失碳量为23506.6T～43121.1T,约占总释放碳量的32.6%～35.9%；重大火灾火烧损失碳量为31004.0T～50937.6T,约占总释放碳量的42.4%～43.0%；特大火灾损失碳量为10696.4T～18131.OT,约占总释放碳量的14.8%～15.1%。不同森林类型所排放的含碳气体差异较大,其中马尾松林排放的CO2、CO、CH4和NMHC (non-methane hydro-carbon)量分别为14243T～22832T、307.20T～518.70T、344.99T～553.02T和164.28T～263.34T；杉木林排放的CO2、CO、CH4和NMHC量分别为30350T～46800T、1826.00T～2816.60T、735.13T～1133.57T和350.05T～539.76T；针阔混交林的CO2、CO、CH4和NMHC排放量分别为7308T～13763T、450.20T～830.00T、177.21T～334.06T和84.38T～159.08T；阔叶林的CO2、CO、CH4和NMHC排放量分别为12995T～24568T、782.90T～1481.60T、315.13T～596.30T和150.06T～283.95T。更多还原

【Abstract】 Forest fires release large amounts of carbon gases in the combustion process.Not only affects forest ecosystem carbon cycle, but also influences climate change deeply. Study the wildfire carbon release provides theoretical basis to quantify the forest fire effects on ecosystem carbon cycle.According to the forest fire data of Fujian Sanming area from2000to2011and the data from field investigation, The biomass was calculated by the parameters model between volume and biomass.According to the biomass,the carbon emissions of forest fire was calculated in Fujian Sanming. the research results show that during2000～2011the carbon of Fujian sanming region was emitted about72108.93T～119962.40T. The carbon loss of the horsetail pine forest was about15826.34T～25369.00T, accounts for about21%～22%of the total carbon emissions; The carbon loss of cunninghamia lanceolata forest was from33726.00T to52000.94T, accounts for about43.3%～47.8%; The carbon loss of needle mixed was from8120.31T to15293.74T, accounts for about11.3%～12.7%; The carbon loss of broad-leaved mixed forest was from14439.28T to27298.34T, accounts for about20.1%～22.7%.The carbon loss of very mild fire was from6928.9T to9225.3T, accounts for about7.7%～9.6%of total release quantity of carbon. The carbon loss of mild fire was from23506.6T to43121.1T, accounts for about32.6%～35.9%of the total release quantity of carbon, The carbon loss of medium fire was from31004.0T to50937.6T, accounts for about42.4%～43.0%of the total release quantity of carbon, The carbon loss of severe fire was from10696.4T to18131.0T, accounts for about14.8%～15.1%of total release quantity of carbon.It was different greatly that different forest types releases greenhouse gas.The CO2, CO, CH4and NMHC emissions of horsetail pine were respectively from14243T to22832T,307.20T to518.70T,344.99T～553.02T and164.28T～263.34T; The CO2, CO, CH4, NMHC emissions of cunninghamia lanceolata were respectively about30350T-46800T,1826.00T～2816.60T,735.13T～1133.57T and350.05T～539.76T; The CO2, CO, CH4, NMHC emissions of mixed needle were respectively from7308T to13763.77T,450.20T to830.00T,177.21T to334.06T and84.38T to159.08T; The CO2, CO, CH4, NMHC emissions of broad-leaved forest were respectively from12995T to24568T,782.90T to1481.60T,315.13T to596.30T and150.06T to283.95T.更多还原