【作者】 潘洵；

【导师】 陈承明；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 政治经济学， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 党的十七届三中全会通过的《中共中央关于推进农村改革发展若干重大问题的决定》,强调要把稳定和完善农村基本经营制度,作为“大力推进改革创新,加强农村制度建设”的首要任务,因而也是本文研究的出发点和归属点。首先,要充分认识稳定和完善农村基本经营制度的必要性和重要性。稳定和完善农村基本经营制度的必要性,在于它有利于提高农业生产力,促进农村生产关系的改善,在更高层面上调动农民的生产积极性；重要性表现为它能促进农业增产增收,进一步提高农民的生活水平,为新农村建设打下坚实的基础,同时在世界金融危机的不利条件下提升我国农业的国际竞争力。其次,要全面了解农村基本经营制度的确立、发展和成就。改革开放以来,我国改变了过去在计划经济体制下,农村“吃大锅饭”和搞平均主义的经营制度,建立了适应生产力发展的基本经营制度,即以家庭承包为基础、统分结合的双层经营体制,并取得很大的成就。由于农民的积极性提高了,农村经济社会稳定发展,农业现代化进程加快,为稳定和完善农村基本经营制度打下了坚实的基础。再次,要深刻揭示农村基本经营制度存在的问题和原因。虽然农村基本经营制度取得了很大成就,但是,还存在不少问题,如“统”少“分”多是表层问题,而机制、体制和法制的不完善则是深层问题。我们要追根溯源,进行深入的分析研究。结果表明,这些问题的表层原因是农民观念未能转变和农民利益未得到保障,而深层原因是统一经营未能为家庭经营服务和农村土地流转不完善。最后,要借鉴国外关于稳定和完善农村基本经营制度的具体措施和相关经验,并结合我国实际情况,为稳定和完善农村基本经营制度提供建议。稳定和完善农村基本经营制度,关键是要实现三个转变：一是促进农村家庭经营向规模经营转变；二是促进统一的经营向多元化服务体系转变；三是促进农村的专业合作社向市场化转变,只有这样才能使农村的基本经营制度得到稳定和发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Party adopted at the Third Plenary Session of the CPC Central Committee decision on rural reform, development of several major issues, the primary emphasis on should stabilize and improve the rural basic management systems, as vigorously promote the reform and innovation, to strengthen the system construction in rural areas " task and, therefore, this study starting point and the vesting point.First of all, the necessity to stabilize and improve the rural basic management systems is that it is conducive to increasing agricultural productivity, promote the improvement of rural relations of production, mobilization of the peasants’ enthusiasm for production at a higher level; the importance of the performance of it in the current adverse economic conditions promote agricultural production and incomes, to further improve the living standards of farmers, to lay a solid foundation for the new rural construction, and enhance the international competitiveness of China’s agriculture under unfavorable conditions of the world financial crisis.Second, since the reform and opening up, China has changed under the planned economy in the past, rural "to eat the same big pot" and engage in egalitarian operating system, the establishment of basic management systems to adapt to the development of productive forces, that is based on the household contract responsibility system by the combination two-tier management system, and made great achievements. Due to the enthusiasm of farmers to improve the economic and social stability in rural areas development, speed up the process of agricultural modernization, laid a solid foundation to stabilize and improve the rural basic management systems.Again, although the rural basic management systems has made great achievements, but many problems still exist, such as the "reunification" and "points" multi-surface problem, mechanisms, institutions and the rule of law is imperfect is a deep-seated problems. We traced, in-depth analysis. The results show that these problems surface because of the farmers’ concept can not change and the interests of farmers has not been protected, while the deeper causes of the unified management failed to family-run services and rural land circulation is imperfect.Finally, the study abroad on the stability and improve the basic rural operation system specific measures and relevant experience, combined with China’s actual situation, and made us realize that the key here is to make three changes:First, to promote rural family-run transition to the scale of operation; is to promote a unified operating system change to the diversified services; promoting rural cooperatives to market-oriented change, the only way to make the rural basic management systems to get the stability and development.更多还原