【作者】 高飞；

【导师】 刘贤梅；

【作者基本信息】 东北石油大学 ， 石油工程计算技术， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 随着计算机仿真技术的发展，其应用领域越来越广泛。利用计算机仿真技术开发仿真系统，对工作人员进行技术培训，成为计算机仿真技术应用在石油行业中的主要方向。应用在石油工业中的仿真技术主要有数字计算仿真技术和视景仿真技术两类。其中，数字计算仿真主要用于数学模型的建立以及精确数值的求解，以实现对石油开采过程中的数据进行监控或对设备进行定量分析后进行机械制造，侧重于精确的数值计算，得到的是精确的数据；视景仿真是生成一个逼真的虚拟环境，用户可与系统进行交互。在石油行业中主要是构造油田设备的三维模型、再现真实的环境并模拟石油钻井工艺的过程，达到非常逼真的仿真效果，侧重于画面的真实感。本文利用计算机仿真技术，研究构建一个参数化的石油钻井虚拟仿真系统，对虚拟设备进行参数化的运动控制，逼真地模拟钻井工艺过程。提出了基于数字计算仿真和视景仿真混合技术的虚拟仿真系统架构；分析并建立了钻机子系统运动的数学模型，利用数学模型并根据钻井工艺脚本控制虚拟钻井设备运动；通过对柔体变形运动的研究，结合石油钻井中钢丝绳运动变化特点改进了算法，实现了对缠绕在滑轮组上钢丝绳的实时变形运动控制；研究了角色动画，并实现了对系统中虚拟人运动的控制。最后，能够初始化系统参数、实时显示钻井工艺过程中运动数据的变化，实现系统的交互性。本文实现的钻井虚拟仿真系统在逼真地模拟石油钻井工艺过程的三维可视化动画的同时，虚拟钻井设备的运动符合一定的数值关系。这种参数化的油田钻井虚拟仿真系统应用于技术人员的培训中，不仅能够使技术人员对钻井过程有很直观的认识，同时观察由于系统参数不同引起的设备运动参数的变化。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of computer simulation technology, its application is more andmore extensive. Developing simulation system by computer simulation technology to trainworkers has become the focused research field in the oil industry. The simulation technologyapplied in the oilfield mainly includes numerical simulation technology and visual simulationtechnology. The numerical calculation simulation is mainly for establishing the mathematicalmodel and accurate numerical solution, monitoring oil mining data or quantitatively analysethe equipments and then having the machinery manufactured. It focuses on the accuratenumerical calculation to get accurate data. The visual simulation is generating a realisticvirtual environment, with which users can have interactions. In the oilfield, it is mainly aimedat structuring the three-dimensional models of oilfield equipments, simulating the realenvironment as well as the oil drilling technology process. It is focused on the sense of realityin pictures.Based on computer simulation technology, parametric oilfield drilling virtual simulationsystem is created. The motion of virtual equipments is controlled by parameters to simulatethe drilling processes realistically. The development framework of virtual simulation system,which is based on the technologies of numerical simulation and visual one, is proposed. Themathematical models of drilling rig subsystems are analyzed and formed, by which andaccording to the drilling technology script, the motion of virtual equipments is controlled.Furthermore, an algorithm is presented for the real-time simulation of a rope passing throughseveral pulleys using inverse kinematics. We have researched character animation andrealized the control of virtual human’s motions in system. Finally, the interaction of thesystem, initializing of the system parameters, displaying and controlling of the drillingprocess, and the realization of parameters in real-time, are achieved.The drilling virtual simulation system this paper described can simulate thethree-dimensional visualization animation of oil drilling processes with the accuratemovement data. This parametric oilfield drilling virtual simulation system used in thetraining for technicians, can not only help them get an intuitive understanding, but alsopresent the technicians the difference of equipment motion parameters caused by the differentparameters of the system.更多还原