【作者】 张平；

【导师】 衷卫声；

【作者基本信息】 南昌大学 ， 测试计量技术及仪器， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 水资源是关乎国计民生的重要基础,但随着工业的发展、人口的增长,污水问题日益严重,为此国家高度重视污水处理项目。SBR污水处理工艺,结合先进的自动控制系统就可以发挥其优势,取得令人满意的处理效果。而在整个SBR处理过程中,曝气工序是重点。曝气系统的能耗大,可占到全厂总电耗40%-50%,是耗电重点,因此也成为节能重点。曝气量的多少及曝气时间的长短不仅关系到节能效果而且对出水水质具有重要影响。本文针对当前对污水处理过程中的节能降耗问题,对SBR污水处理工艺中的曝气工段的监控进行了深入分析和设计,重点是对反应阶段的曝气量与曝气时间的控制：首先,通过对比分析,在众多参数中确定DO的主导地位,采用VHDL/VerilogHDL语言实现模糊PID控制算法,使得DO溶解氧浓度保持在给定值水平,实现对曝气量的控制；根据对耗氧速率在反应期所表现出的特征,以其作为控制曝气时间的参数。由于以往获得OUR的仪器或方法存在价格高、滞后大等不足,本文通过多组对比试验数据,选取DO、曝气流量、温度等主要因素,建立起数学模型,以软测量技术来计算得OUR。并用其作为控制曝气时间的参数,克服固定时间控制方式的不足,效果良好；结合SOPC技术和嵌入式软核处理器Nios Ⅱ,利用基于Avalon总线的外设完成了UART串口通信、LED数码显示等辅助功能。同时对电源转换、配置、UART等外围电路进行了设计。整个控制系统的核心是在一片Cyclone Ⅱ系列的FPGA芯片上,再结合其它外围辅助芯片来实现,其仿真结果表明水处理效果与节能效果良好。更多还原

【Abstract】 The water resource is an important basis for the people’s livelihood,however, with the development of industry and population growth, sewage problems are getting more seriously, so our country attaches great importance to wastewater treatment projects. SBR sewage treatment process, combining with advanced automatic control system, can play its advantage and get satisfactory results.while, in the whole process, aeration stage is the key. The power consumption of aeration system accounts for40%～50%of the total power consumption usually. It is the key of power consumption as well as the key of energy saving. The quantity and length of aeration not only influence the energy saving effect but also the effluent water quality.In this paper, for the energy saving in the sewage treatment process, did in-depth analysis and design of monitoring for aeration stage in SBR wastewater treatment process, focusing on the control of aeration rate and aeration time:Firstly, through comparative analysis, determined the dominant position of DO in a number of parameters, realized fuzzy PID control algorithm through the VHDL/Verilog HDL language, made DO concentration maintain on a given value, so realized the control of aeration rate; According to the characteristics of OUR in reaction stages, made OUR as the aeration time control parameter. In the past, the instruments or methods to obtain OUR had deficiencies, high price, large lag and other weak points, this paper through multiple sets of comparative test data, chose DO, aeration flow rate, temperature and other factors to establish a mathematical model, calculated the OUR using soft measurement technique. Used it as a parameter to control the aeration time, to overcome the deficiencies of the fixed time control mode, and the effect is nice; combined with SOPC technology and Nios Ⅱ, completed the UART, LED digital display and other auxiliary functions based on the Avalon bus. Designed peripheral circuits for power conversion, configuration, UART and so on.The core of the whole control system is one of the Cyclone Ⅱ series FPGA chip, combined with other peripheral auxiliary chips, the simulation results showed that the water treatment effect and energy saving effect is satisfactory.更多还原