风力机叶片阻尼减振动态特性研究

【作者】 赵明安；

【导师】 孙大刚；

【作者基本信息】 太原科技大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 风能作为一种清洁的可再生能源，其蕴藏量巨大。随着世界经济的发展，推动风力发电行业的进步，风电机组朝着大型化、高效率的方向向前发展。叶片作为风力机上捕捉风能的关键部件，其性能的好坏直接影响着风力机的风能利用效率和风力机组整机所承受的载荷，在很大程度上也决定了机组的整体性能、使用寿命和开发风能的经济性。叶片在朝大型化发展过程中，其自重增加，展长增大，同时承载复杂—主要有重力载荷、惯性载荷和不定常变化的气动载荷，使其振动情况异常复杂，这给大型风力机叶片的设计提出更大的挑战。本文主要做了以下工作：1）对风力机的历史、现状、前景及叶片的技术发展趋势，风力机的基本理论，基本概念进行了介绍，明确了叶片的构型特点、形成规律，为风力机叶片的三维建模提供理论基础。2）通过翼型数据库获得二维翼型数据，导入到Profili软件内来计算翼型的升力系数、阻力系数、升阻比及俯仰力矩比与攻角的变化曲线。并结合三维坐标变换理论，利用Matlab软件实现三维翼型数据的采集，为三维建模提供基础。3）运用Pro/E针对1.5MW的风力机叶片进行三维建模，为后续的有限元分析提供基础模型。4）叶片动力学分析：模态分析及瞬态动力学分析，通过动力学分析，了解叶片的振动特性，为提升叶片的抗振性能作出参考。5）分析阻尼减振结构叶片振动性能，与普通叶片的减振性能进行对比，分析加强阻尼减振叶片的优越性。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a clean and renewable energy, wind energy’s reserve is huge. Withthe development of world economy, the wind power industry has achieved rapiddevelopment, and wind turbine is developing in the direction of large scale andhigh efficiency.As a key component capturing wind energy, wind turbine blade’sperformance has a direct impact on efficiency of wind turbine and load that windturbine machine bears. To a large extent it determines the overall performance ofthe unit and economy of developing wind energy. In the large scale developmentprocess of blade, its weight and length increase, while carrying complex loadsinclude gravity loads, inertia loads and unsteady aerodynamic loads, whichmake the blade vibrate complexly. These provide a greater challenge to thedesign of large wind turbine blade. This paper mainly accomplished thefollowing work:1) Give the basic concepts about the history, current situation, prospects,basic theory and blade technology trends of the wind turbine. These wereintroduced to definite the blade configuration feature and the law of theformation to provide a theoretical foundation for three-dimensional modeling ofwind turbine blades.2) Two-dimensional airfoil data was obtained through the airfoil databaseand imported into Profili software to calculate the airfoil lift-coefficient,drag-coefficient, lift-drag ratio and the curve that pitching moment ratio changedwith the angle of attack. Combining with three-dimensional coordinatetransformation theory, three-dimensional airfoil datas were achieced by Matlabsoftware. Those provided a basis for the three-dimensional modeling.3) Three-dimensional model of1.5MW wind turbine blades was obtainedby Pro/E software, which provided a basis for the subsequent finite elementanalysis model.4) Modal analysis and transient dynamic analysis were made for1.5MWwind turbine blade. By dynamic analysis, the vibration characteristics of theblade were analyzed, which provided a reference to enhance the blade vibration resistance.5) Vibration performance of the damping structure blade were analyzed,which were compared with the ordinary blade, and the advantages of dampingstructure blade were analyzed.更多还原