球轴承磨床机构分析与磨削工艺参数优化

【作者】 闵学习；

【导师】 贾育秦；

【作者基本信息】 太原科技大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 球轴承是滚动轴承的一种类型，它主要应用在高速旋转的场合，其精度水平对一些设备的性能有着重要的影响。球轴承的内圈是球轴承的重要组成元件之一，它的沟道表面是滚动体滚动和承受载荷的主要表面。因此，对球轴承内圈沟道表面的磨削精度有着很高的要求。本文主要以3MZ1313球轴承内圈沟道磨床为研究对象，这是一台磨削球轴承内圈沟道表面的专用磨床，本文主要对其进行以下几个方面的研究工作：（1）首先确定该轴承磨床机构模型有2条运动链和3个自由度，接着在该磨床机构的各构件上建立坐标系，并分别建立这2条运动链的运动学模型,并对它们分别进行求解。（2）运用Pro/E3.0软件建立该轴承磨床机构的实体模型，并利用Pro/E3.0软件的运动仿真模块对其进行干涉检查，在没有干涉的前提下通过MECHANISM/Pro接口模块导入ADAMS2005中进行动力学仿真。（3）对影响轴承内圈沟道磨削精度的主要影响因素进行了总结和分析，并以磨削过程中砂轮与工件接触后的振动以及砂轮架的振动对磨削精度的影响为例，进行了深入的分析。通过采取一定的措施并对其加以控制，来减小振动对其产生的影响。（4）利用BP神经网络强大的非线性映射能力，建立磨削精度要求与磨削工艺参数之间的关系。在这里，按照均匀设计方法获得神经网络的输入和输出样本，并确定BP神经网络的结构，将得到的样本用来训练网络。BP神经网络还具有自学习功能，可以适应各种不断变化的磨削精度要求。最后，经过训练后的神经网络，其输入样本与输出样本之间有着很好的对应关系，实现了对磨削工艺参数的优化。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ball bearing is one of the rolling bearings, it is mainly used in high-speedrotation occasions, its accuracy level has a great impact on the function of manymachines. The inner ring is an important component of the ball bearing, itschannel surface is the key surface which the rolling element rolls on and transferforce to. In this paper, I take the3MZ1313Ball Bearing Grinder for the objectof study. This is a special grinder for grinding the channel surface of the ballbearing’inner ring. In this paper, the research work is listed as the followingaspects:(1) Firstly, I find out that the ball bearing grinder’ mechanism has twokinematics chains and three degrees of freedom, and work up some coordinatesof the constituent components of the grinder ’mechanism model. I respectivelyset up the kinematics models of the two chains, solve the two kinematicsmodels.(2) I work up the solid model of the grinder ’mechanism by way ofPro/E3.0software, and use the motion simulation module of Pro/E3.0softwareto check the interference condition of the mechanism model. Without theinterferences, it can be imported into the software of ADAMS2005through theMECHANISM/Pro interface module, then carry out the dynamic simulation.(3) I summarize out the main factors which affect the grinding accuracy ofthe ball bearing’ inner ring channel，analyze them in some ways. Next, I doin-depth analysis on the vibration models of the grinding wheel—work pieceand the grinding wheel frame in the process of grinding. Understanding howthey affect the grinding accuracy. By taking some measures，we can reduce theimpact of vibration on the grinding accuracy.(4) BP neural network has powerful nonlinear mapping function, it canwork up the model of relationship between the grinding precision and thegrinding process parameters. The neural network input and output samples areobtained in accordance with uniform design method, in this paper. I design thestructure of the network according to the actual requirements, using these samples to train network. BP neural network also has a self-learning function, itcan adapt to the changing grinding precision requirements. Finally, after theneural network is trained, a good Correspondence is formed between the inputsamples and the output samples, and achieve the optimization of processparameters.更多还原