“资源诅咒”与资源富集地区经济的可持续发展

【作者】 李晓芳；

【导师】 叶普万；

【作者基本信息】 陕西师范大学 ， 马克思主义基本原理， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 “资源诅咒”是发展经济学的前沿问题。“资源诅咒”指的是一个国家或者地区拥有丰富的自然资源,尤其是大量的煤炭、石油、天然气等矿产资源,但奇怪的是从长期来说并没有给该国家或者地区带来经济的繁荣发展,相反出现了经济发展缓慢、甚至出现经济发展停滞以及一些更严重的社会问题。例如由于大量的丌采矿产资源所导致的环境污染问题、生态破坏问题、产业结构单一问题、收入差距拉大问题、最严重的是出现了战争内乱问题等等,最终导致的是一种资源丰富的国家或地区陷入了经济领域、社会领域、环境领域等各领域的全面不可持续协调发展状态,与传统理论认为的丰富的自然资源是一个国家或者区域经济增长的“福音”观点完全相反。本文以山西省为典型案例来分析这一奇怪的现象。本文在整理国内外文献的基础上,综合运用实证研究以及规范研究的方法,对山西省出现的“资源诅咒”问题进行了简要的解释和分析。全文包括五个方面的内容：第一章,主要对国内外关于“资源诅咒”的现象进行整理、概括和总结,指出,我们国家对“资源诅咒”问题的研究相对比较迟缓,有待进一步地深化研究。第二章,主要对“资源诅咒”理论和可持续发展理论进行阐述,包括资源诅咒、资源型产业、产业结构、产权制度的概念以及可持续发展的概念、内容以及原则等。第三章,分析山西省在煤炭资源的丌采过程中遭遇到“资源诅咒”的表现。主要表现为：山西资源型产业过快扩张,并主导了山西经济的整体发展；资源丌采过程中浪费现象严重,外部不经济凸显；科技创新体制不健全,经济发展失去强劲动力；资源型产业的生产要素价格上涨,贸易领域出现恶化的趋势；资源型产业的波动,引发山西省经济出现较强波动等。第四章,分析了山西省出现“资源诅咒”的原因。主要包括：资源型产业的产权制度、资源收益制度、财富管理制度不健全和不完善；资源型产业缺乏足够的科技创新；资源型地域形成了单一的产业发展定势,产业结构严重失衡以及资源型产业出现的寻租行为等。第五章,提出克服“资源诅咒”现象的一系列对策及政策建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 The "Resource Curse" is a new subject studied by scholars in the field of economy in recent years. The resource curse refers to such a strange phenomenon:that is natural resources, especially as coal, oil, gas and many other mineral resources couldn’t bring a long term prosperity of economy to its owner country or region instead they slow the development of local economy even make the it stagnant. Besides, a series of serious social problems are following:such as environmental pollution and ecological destruction caused by over-mining of mineral resources; single industrial structure; widening income gap, among them the most serious problem is the civil war. Eventually they lead rich countries or regions to an total unsustainable and incompatible statet of the development in economic field, social field and environmental and other field and areas,Which is totally opposite to traditional theory that the rich natural resources is a " Gospel" to national or regional economic growth even economic development. This thesis sets the rich resources of coal in Shanxi Province as an example to explain this strange phenomenon.Based on the fragmentation of the domestic and foreign literatures, the thesis gives a simple explanation and analysis to the "resource curse" phenamenon in Shanxi Province with the method of comprehensive empirical research and normative research. The whole article is divided into five parts, the main content includes:Chapter1Drawing a conclusion that the study of "resource curse" problem is relatively late in our country bying rugulating and recapitulating home and abroad "resource curse" phenomenon, so the study really needs to be further deepen.Chapter2Defining the main words referred to the thesis, including the resource curse, resources industry, industrial structure, property rights system and sustainable development and so on to to pave the way for the following content.Chapter3Analyzing the different cases when the coal resources of Shanxi Province confronted "resource curse" in the course of exploitation. For instance, too fast expanding of Shanxi resources industry which become a leading member in local economic development; serious waste in the process of coal mining;prominent external economy problems; unsound science and technology innovation system; lack of power in economic development;rising in essential productive factors which results in situation worsening situation in field of trade; the fluctuation of provincial economy because of fluctuation of resources industry.Chapter4analyzing the reasons of "resource curse" appeared in Shanxi Province. Mainly Including the imperfection of property right system, resource industry, resource income system and wealth management system; the lack of enough science and technology innovation in resources industry; single development formulaof regional resources industry development mode; imbalance of industrial structure and the emergence of resources industry of rent-seeking behavior, etcChapter5Putting forward some corresponding correct ideas and Suggestions based on the s "resource curse".更多还原