【作者】 赵玮；

【导师】 赵倩；

【作者基本信息】 云南大学 ， 语言学及应用语言学， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 本文旨在研究“凭借”义词语组合变化情况,及组合变化与词义演变的关系。词义在组合中发展变化,词义演变促使新的组合形式的生成,意义的组合与演变相互影响,关系密切。然而以往关于词语组合的分析大多集中于共时层面,较少涉及组合关系历时变化的定量统计,关于组合变化与词义演变关系的研究多是一般性的概括描述,较少包含具体语料的实证分析。本文从具体语料出发,以4个“凭借”义常用词包含的27个义位为研究对象,搜集整理了上古、中古和近代3个时期26本文献中的2354条语例,对比分析了不同义位构成的402个古代汉语词语和81个现代汉语词语。论文主体分为三部分：第一部分在每一历史分期下进行了不同词相同义位组合情况的横向对比和同一词不同义位组合情况的纵向对比,考察了目标词词义引申过程中各义位组合能力强弱的变化和组合对象分布情况的差异,并分析了这些差异出现的原因。第二部分探讨了组合能力强弱的判定标准,并通过历时比较揭示了组合能力强弱与义位构词数量多少的关系,以及其他影响构词数量的语言内部因素和语言外部因素。第三部分在语料分析的基础上,考察了词义发展和词义组合之间的辩证关系。认为组合能力强的义位生命力更强,也易于引申出新的义位,组合能力弱的义位生命力低,易于导致义位的减少。组合关系反映词义演变,且组合关系的变化能够引起义位理性义的变化,对义位附属义也有影响。词义制约着词的组合对象,理性义和附属义的变化都会引起组合能力和组合形式的变化,新旧词组合对象区别明显,且新词会引起旧词组合关系的变化。词语组合变化及其与词义演变关系的研究,有助于进一步揭示组合关系的历时变化情况,更好地解释词义演变现象,对通过组合关系研究词义演变的方法和步骤的探索也有一定的参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 The thesis is about the syntagmatic changes of reliance words and the relationship between syntagmatic changes and lexical meaning changes. Lexical meaning develped in syntagmatic relations, and its changes cause the generation of new syntagmatic forms, so they have close relationship. While previous researches on lexical combination forcus on synchronic analysis, less involving in quantitative statistics of diachronic changes. And the studies on the relationship between syntagmatic changes and lexical meaning changes are lack of empirical anslysis.The thesis based on language materials, count, describe and analyze the syntagmatic glosseme changes of four commonly used words containing the meaning of reliance from ancient, mediaeval to modern times. We collect2354examples in26documents of different historical period, involving in27glossemes,402ancient Chinese words and81contemporary Chinese words. The thesis includes three parts.In the first part, we compare the syntagmatic relations of the same glosseme of different words and different glossemes of the same word. Then we study the changes and differences of syntagmatic glosseme in three historical periods, and analyze the reason of differences.In the second part, we discuss the judgment standard of lexical syntagmatic ability, and reveal the relationship between the ability and the word number formed by glosseme. We also study the linguistic and extralinguistic factors that can influence the word number.In the third part, we study the dialectical relationship between syntagmatic changes and lexical meaning changes. We find the glosseme that has a strong syntagmatic ability always has strong vitality, and extends in meaming easily. The glosseme that has a weak syntagmatic ability always has weak vitality, and tends to vanish in modern Chinese. The syntagmatic relation can reflect lexical meaning changes, and its changes influence rational and accessorial meaning. The lexical meaning restricts syntagmatic object, and the changes of rational and accessorial meaning will cause the changes of syntagmatic ability and form. The new and old words also have different syntagmatic objects, and new words can lead to changes of old word syntagmatic relation.The research on the relationship between syntagmatic changes and lexical meaning changes will be conducive to reveal syntagmatic changes, explain the lexical meaning changes phenomenon, and it also has reference value to discover the method and procedure of studying lexical meaning changes by syntagmatic relation.更多还原