一种基于FPGA红外微光图像融合夜视系统设计

【作者】 皮冬明；

【导师】 陈建华；

【作者基本信息】 云南大学 ， 信号与信息处理， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 作为晚上获取夜视图像信息的两种重要手段,微光像增强器和红外探测器,由于工作波长和成像机理不同,对战场所获取图像的信息所表达的形式和侧重点不一样。运用图像融合理论和现代电子软件技术,将两种传感器所获取的图像信息加以分析、综合、融合、取长补短,能得到大于任何单一传感器所获得的信息量,对夜视信息的描述更全面、准确。本文以夜视观瞄系统发展趋势为背景,通过分析两种夜视传感器成像机理和成像特点,研究了夜视图像融合技术；并结合现代电子器件和软件发展最新技术,设计了一种基于FPGA“共窗口”实时红外微光图像融合夜视系统,并采用伪彩色融合技术,实现了微光和红外图像数字融合。本设计充分考虑了陆地战场复杂运动目标和背景图像配准的难点,采用前端“共窗口”和棱镜分光系统实现光学图像配准,降低后端数字处理难度,并保证了配准的实时性和鲁棒性,为后端实时图像融合提供了必要前提。为了达到图像处理的实时性,主处理器采用Xilinx公司的Virtex-5高端FPGA。整个系统采用模块化设计,并内嵌了一个MicroBlaze软核处理器,通过构建一个SOPC嵌入式系统,方便管理硬件处理算法及人机交互。更多还原

【Abstract】 As two major methods for obtaining night-vision image information, image intensifier and infrared detectors diversify in the expression forms and focus for the image information obtained from the battlefield because of the different operating wavelength and imaging mechanism. With the application of Image Fusion Theory and modern electronic software technology and after the analysis, integration, fusion and complementation with each other, the image information obtained from two kinds of sensors will exceed that obtained from the single sensor and will offer a more comprehensive and more accurate night-vision information.Background with the development tendency of night-vision observation system and with the analysis on the imaging mechanism and imaging characteristics of these two kinds of night-vision sensors, this text carries researches on night-vision image fusion technology. Combining with the advanced technologies in electronic devices and software development, a timely FPGA common window infrared light level image fusion night vision system is designed and the fusion between low light level and infrared digital image is realized with the application of false color fusion technology.This design takes full consideration of the complicated movement target on land battlefield and the difficulties of background image registration, realizes the optical image registration by employing "Common Window" and the prism splitter system, lowers the handling difficulty for the back-end data and guarantees timeliness and robustness, providing a necessary precondition for back-end timely images fusion. To obtain the timeliness of image handling, the advanced FPGA of Virtex-5by the Xilinx Company is employed by the main processor. The whole system is with the modular design and embedded with a MicroBlaze soft-core processor. And with the construction of a SOPC embedded system, the management of hardware processing algorithm and human-computer interaction become convenient.更多还原