公共危机的协同治理研究

【作者】 孙骅宣；

【导师】 李培广；

【作者基本信息】 中央民族大学 ， 行政管理， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 全球化浪潮影响下,转型期的中国在市场经济改革过程中出现的失业人群增加、利益主体多元化等现象产生了一定的负面影响。同时,社会压力增强、社会冲突增多等其他诸多因素相互作用,大大增加了各种公共危机发生的可能性,使得当前的中国处于公共危机的频发期。因此,公共危机管理模式一直是政府关注的重点和学术研究热点。危机得到及时、妥善、有效的治理不仅关系到政府在公民心中的地位与形象,而且关系到我国的经济发展、政治稳定以及社会主义和谐社会的构建。在自由活动空间以及自由流动资源的影响下,具有较强自主性和独立性的公民社会在中国逐渐成长,非政府组织、营利组织以及公众、媒体等政府之外的社会行为主体的重要地位和作用开始显现。同时,转型时期公共危机的诱因不断复杂化,种类和爆发形态日渐多样化等特征使政府作为单一应对主体的局限性日益凸显,人们认识到当前公共危机的治理需要引入和调动更广泛的社会力量,逐步形成协同治理的理念和模式。“十二五”规划中提出要“按照健全党委领导、政府负责、社会协同、公众参与的社会管理格局的要求”,加强和创新社会管理。由此可见,公共危机管理不应是政府单方面的责任,而应当是全社会的责任,引入多元主体进行协同治理意义重大。文章从分析我国转型时期的社会现状入手,分析总结了公共危机的新特征和社会行为主体的发展现状,接下来对公共危机协同治理模式进行了相关概念阐释和理论依据分析。后在理论基础上,结合各类社会行为主体在舟曲“8.7”特大泥石流事件中的表现进行了案例分析,总结出当前我国公共危机协同治理中各社会行为主体的基础关系和治理过程中存在的问题,论述了其原因。最后,从优化法律环境、创新组织结构、完善资源保障和信息机制、提高多元主体能力、培育社会资本等方面对促进中国公共危机的协同治理提出了对策建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the wave of economic globalization, China is in a transitional period which has crisis frequently. The possibility of emerging crisis increases by the negative effects of an increasing number of unemployed, the diversification of benefit-related units, the development of technology, the higher social pressure and conflict which resulted from market economy reform. As a result, public crisis management has be a matter which was concerned by the government and experts extraordinarily. To solve the crisis promptly, properly and efficiently, which not only concern the status and image of the government, the social stabilization and the national economic development, but also related to the construction of socialist harmonious society directly.The certain limitation in single government has been obvious gradually, which by the growing complication of incentive for public crisis and the diversification of kind and form of them. However, with the constantly growing of various social units like NGOs and citizens, there is a strong and increasing recognition of the crucial role of NGOs, enterprises, citizens and mass media in public crisis management. The uncertainty of public crisis need to introducing and calling more widely social power and resources to prevention and treatment cooperatively. Because of this, the "12th five-year plan" pointed that We should following the social management require which perfect leadership of the party committee, responsible government, cooperative society, participatory mechanism of citizen to strengthen and innovate the social management. The crisis management shouldn’t just be governmental responsibility, social would be responsible for this too. Introducing diversification of units to harness cooperative is of overarching importance.This paper begins with the analysis of Chinese social situation in transitional period, and sums up the new features of public crisis and development situation of social units. And then, through the expounding of concepts and the analysis of cooperative harness. In addition, as taking the research in action of various social units which made significant contribution in relief work of "8.7" extra-large debris flow in ZhouQu for empirical analysis on the basis of the above, then analysis the fundamental relationship, problems and causes of the social units in cooperative harness of public crisis. At last, put forward some countermeasures to integrate various units which from aspects of perfect participatory mechanism and improve the capacity of the units, optimize legal, resource guarantee and information mechanism, innovate organization structure, cultivate social capital and so on.更多还原