当代德宏泼水节形态研究

【作者】 范宁；

【导师】 朱雄全；

【作者基本信息】 中央民族大学 ， 民俗学， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 我国是一个多民族的国家,在社会历史发展中,各民族形成了自己悠久的传统。在中国云南省,泼水节是信仰南传佛教的傣、布朗、德昂、佤、阿昌等民族的新年节日,另称为“傣历年”“浴佛节”“堆沙节”“采花节”“插花节”等。德宏地区的傣族称“尚罕”“尚键”,德昂族称为“哄拍”,意为“浴佛节”,阿昌族称为“浇花水”。德宏泼水节历史悠久,如今当地的傣族、德昂族村寨按照仍每年欢庆,另外,面对新的社会变迁,政府又组织了新的盛大的节日活动,使得节日呈现表现得更加复杂。本文就是对德宏泼水节节目形态的观察和描述,并在此基础上讨论节日的变迁以及发展方向。本文以“泼水节的传统形态构建”、“当代村落的泼水节形态”以及“当代政府主办的泼水节形态”为研究对象。第一章,通过地方志资料和田野调查资料,首先对德宏的地理环境,民族构成等环境进行描述；接下来并且着重介绍德宏地区的傣族的情况,为描述傣族泼水节作准备。第二章,以文献记载,口述回忆为基底,建构一个传统形态下的泼水节,包括泼水节的来源的讨论,泼水节期间的传统活动,同时对其特点和功能进行总结。第三章,通过田野调查方法,对当代的村落的泼水节活动进行深描,包括节期、参加节日的人群以及节日活动,同时探讨当代泼水节的特点。第四章,主要是对政府主办的泼水节活动的描述,包括节日运作组织过程、节日空间、节日的各项活动等内容,同时探讨其特点和功能。第五章,首先基于前三章对三种泼水节进行对比,闸述村落泼水节在节日的发展过程中对一些传统元素丢失,而政府主办的泼水节则是对保留了传统节日的形式并进行了创新,但是节日的意义发生了转变或者抽离,并根据实际需要增加了许多新的内容。对节日如何发展进行探讨，主要是在节日的存在方式的基础上来探讨,包括作为历史与回忆的节日、作为生活与情感的节日,作为权力与政治的节日、作为符号与商品的节日。更多还原

【Abstract】 China is a multi-ethnic country. Every ethnic formed its own long tradition with social and historical development. At Yunnan Province, China, Songkran is the new year festival of some ethnics having beliefs of Theravada Buddhism such as the Dai, Blang, Deang, Wa and Achang. The Dehong Songkran has a long history, and the local Dai ande De’ang village still celebrate the festival each year.Facing the new social changes, the Government has organized a grand festival.The festival presents a more complex performance. This paper observes and describes Dehong Songkran festival and discusses the changes and the direction of development of the festival."The Building of the traditional form","contemporary villages Songkran form" and "contemporary government-sponsored Songkran form" are the objects of study. Chapter1describe the geographical environment and the ethnic composition in Dehong with local history information and field survey data.The next highlight introduce the Dai people, preparing for the description of the Songkran. Chapter2, Construct a traditional form of Songkran in base of literature, oral memories and including discussion of the sources of Songkran, the traditional activities of the Songkran period, summary of its features and functions. Chapter3, through field survey methods, describe Songkran activities of the contemporary village, including the festival period, the crowds participating the festival and festive events, exploring contemporary features of Songkran. Chapter4, make description of the Songkran activities hosted by the Government, including the process of operation of the organization, festival space and festive events, at the same time exploring its features. Chapter5, compele three Songkrans and described the loss of some traditional elements in Songkran of village, while the government-sponsored Songkran is retained the form of the traditional festivals and maken some innovations, as the significance of the festival has shifted or pulled out of many new content according to actual needs.Then exploring how to develop the festival including the developmentof history and memories of the festival, life and emotion of the festival, power and politics of the festival, the symbol and commodity of the festival.更多还原