我国公共服务公私合作供给中的困境与对策研究

【作者】 杨继红；

【导师】 党秀云；

【作者基本信息】 中央民族大学 ， 行政管理， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国经济社会的迅速发展,公众对各类公共服务的需求在持续增加。但政府的财政困境决定了其在满足公众需求上存在着局限性,导致公共服务供需矛盾越来越突出。于是,公共服务公私合作供给(简称PPP模式)便成为缓解这种矛盾的现实选择。作为一种同时发挥市场和政府优势的公共服务供给制度安排,公共服务PPP供给模式既不同于政府部门的垄断供给,也区别于彻底的民营化,而是一种介于两者间的有限市场化改革,旨在达到政府与市场间各自优势发挥的均衡状态。本文对PPP模式在我国的发展现状进行了详细分析及阐述,包括在我国兴起和发展的理论、现实背景及发展概况。在此基础上,对该模式在我国实践过程中存在的困境与问题进行重点论述,并对其进一步发展提出相应的对策及建议。本文对PPP模式在我国的发展现状进行了详细分析及阐述,包括在我国兴起和发展的理论、现实背景及发展概况。在此基础上,对该模式在我国实践过程中存在的困境与问题进行重点论述,并对其进一步发展提出相应的对策及建议。PPP模式的理论依据主要为公共选择理论、委托代理理论、新公共管理理论及治理理论等。现实背景则主要体现为,社会公众对公共服务需求不断增大,政府财政供给能力的局限性,私营部门在我国得到蓬勃发展等。该模式在实践中较为常见的形式包括合同承包、特许经营、政府参股、经济资助等具体形式。本文对PPP模式在我国所面临的困境及问题的分析主要从四个层面展开,分别是进出层面、运作层面、效果层面及机制层面。在进出层面,分别表现为法律壁垒、行政壁垒、融资壁垒、退出障碍等问题的并存；在运作层面,表现为专业人才、运作机构、政府服务及管制、市场竞争机制等相关要素的缺乏；在效果层面,则体现为一些损害公共利益的问题之存在,包括国有资产的流失、社会公平受侵蚀、腐败问题的滋生及公共责任的缺失等问题。针对PPP在我国实践中存在的这些问题,本文从五个方面提出了相应的对策建议。这些对策分别为：制定完善可操作的法律法规；制定落实公私合作供给相关政策；厘清公私合作供给各方责任边界；健全公私合作供给政府监管体系；规范的市场培育等。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of economy and society in China, people’s needs of public services are also growing. But the government’s financial predicament decides the limitations to meet these demands, then the contradiction between supply and demand is more and more outstanding. Therefore, the model of supplied by public-private partnership ("PPP" for short) is becoming the realistic choice to alleviate current contradiction.As an institutional arrangement which can play the advantages of both the government and the market, the PPP overcomes the disadvantages of traditional mode of supplied only by the government or only by the private sector. It’s the limited market reform between the two, and aims to the equilibrium state both the government and the market play their respective advantages.In this paper, we analyze and elaborate in more detail the PPP models’development situation in our country, including the theoretical basis, realistic background, etc. On this basis, we focused on the difficulties and problems which faced by public-private partnership in China, and then brings-forward some countermeasures and suggestions on how to respond to further develop. The theoretical basis of PPP model includes the Public Choice Theory, Principal-Agent Theory, New Public Management Theory and the Governance Theory and so on. The realistic background includes the following:the people’s demands for public services are growing; the limitations of government financial capacity; the private sector in our country has developed flourishingly. The current patterns of public services supplied by public-private partnership include government contracting, franchising, government participation, government financial aid, etc.This thesis analysis the difficulties and problems faced by the PPP model in China mainly from these four aspects, such as in and out, operation, effect and mechanism. On the in and out level, manifested as the coexistence of legal barriers, administrative barriers, financing barriers, exit barriers; At the operational level, the performance is the lack of professionals, operational agencies, government services and regulation, market competition mechanism and other related elements; In effect level, it reflects the existence of some of the damage the public interest, including the loss of state assets, the erosion of social equity, breeding of corruption and the lack of public accountability.For these problems in PPP’s practice, we put forward five countermeasures and suggestions. They are as follows:formulation of operational laws and regulations; formulating relevant policies to implement the supply of public-private partnerships; to clarify the responsibilities of each party boundary of public and private cooperation in the supply; improving the government regulatory system of public-private partnerships; and standardized market cultivation, etc.更多还原