【作者】 郭甜甜；

【导师】 丁雪佳；

【作者基本信息】 北京化工大学 ， 化学， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 本文采用双螺杆挤出机制备耐温聚丙烯（PP）复合材料，研究了两种高熔点聚合物聚-4-甲基-1-戊烯（TPX）和尼龙6（PA6）、无机填料（碳酸钙、滑石粉）对PP的力学性能，热性能，微观结构，流变性能，结晶等性能的影响。发现TPX使PP的力学性能及热性能降低，PA6、碳酸钙以及滑石粉能够提高PP的综合性能。研究表明：当PP为100份、PA6为20份、聚丙烯接枝马来酸钙（PP-g-MAH）为10份时，制备的PP复合材料与纯PP相比，拉伸强度提高5.44MPa，维卡软化点提高3.7℃，峰值结晶温度提高9.3℃，初始失重温度和失重50%时的温度分别提高35℃、9℃。碳酸钙、滑石粉对PP性能的影响研究发现，碳酸钙对提高PP强度和耐温性的作用不及滑石粉。当PP为100份、滑石粉为30份时，制备的PP复合材料与纯PP相比，拉伸强度提高1.17MPa，维卡软化点提高3.3℃，热变形温度提高35.4℃，峰值结晶温度提高15.6℃，初始失重温度和失重50%时的温度分别提高30℃、12℃，表明滑石粉可以大幅提高PP的耐温性。采用硅烷偶联剂（KH570）对滑石粉进行活化改性，并采用乙烯辛烯共聚物（POE）对PP与滑石粉增韧，发现表面活化滑石粉使PP复合材料的拉伸强度降低，但韧性和耐温性提高，POE使得PP复合材料的拉伸强度降低，耐温性提高。当PP为100份、表面活化滑石粉为30份，POE为5份时，制备的PP复合材料与纯PP相比，拉伸强度降低1.34MPa，悬臂梁缺口冲击强度提高4.3kJ/m~2，维卡软化温度提高5℃，热变形温度提高31.9℃，峰值结晶温度提高16.2℃，初始失重温度和失重50%时的温度分别提高35℃和15℃，得到一种耐温性及韧性大幅提高，强度略有降低，成本低廉，综合性能优异的PP复合材料。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, high temperature resistant PP composites has been preparedby twin screw extruder. It was discussed that the effects of the polymer withhigh melting point TPX and PA6, inorganic filler (calcium carbonate, talcumpowder) on the mechanical properties, thermal performance, and microscopicstructure, rheological property, crystallization of PP. Results showed that TPXhave made the performance of PP drop, PA6, calcium carbonate and talcpowder could improve the comprehensive properties of PP.Research showed: PP100phr, PA620phr, PP-g-MAH10phr, comparedwith pure PP the porperties of PP composites has been improved. for instance,tensile strength has been increased5.44MPa, vicat softening point increasedhas been3.7℃, peak crystallization temperature has been increased9.3℃,initial weight loss temperature and when the weight loss50%temperaturehave been increased35℃,9℃.It was examined that effects of calcium carbonate or talcum powder onthe properties of PP, found that talcum powder was more better than calciumcarbonate to improve the strength and thermal resistant of PP. When PP 100phr, talcum powder30phr, compared with pure PP the porperties of PPcomposites has been improved. for instance, tensile strength has beenincreased1.17MPa, vicat softening point increased has been3.3℃, deflectiontemperature has been increased35.4℃, peak crystallization temperature hasbeen increased15.6℃, initial weight loss temperature and when the weightloss50%temperature have been increased30℃,12℃. Which description thattalcum powder can effectively improve the thermal resistance of PP.It was examined that effects of talcum powder surface modification onthe properties of PP, found that the tensile strength of PP composites has beendecreased, but the toughness and thermal resistance of PP composites has beenimproved. Using POE as the Toughening agent of PP composite material,results showed that the tensile strength of blends has been decreased, but thetoughness and thermal resistance of blends has been improved. When PP100phr, surface modification of talcum powder30phr, POE5phr, compared withpure PP the porperties of composites has been improved. for instance, notchedimpact strength increased4.3KJ/m~2, vicat softening point increased has been5℃, deflection temperature has been increased31.9℃, peak crystallizationtemperature has been increased16.2℃, initial weight loss temperature andwhen the weight loss50%temperature have been increased35℃and15℃,got a kind of excellent comprehensive properties of PP composites whichthermal resistance and toughness is improved greatly, and strength decreasesslightly.更多还原