【作者】 胡绍波；

【导师】 闫如忠；

【作者基本信息】 东华大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 随着科学技术的发展,工业领域需要大量的大平面光学玻璃元件。传统的光学加工方法不能满足大平面光学玻璃零件提出的加工效率和加工表面质量两个主要方面的要求,因此研究一种具有高效率和高精度的光学零件加工方法具有重要的实际意义。弹性射流抛光是一种新型的光学零件精密加工方法,它通过高速旋转的抛光工具控制磨料射流对工件表面的加工过程,使工件表面材料均匀去除,得到超光滑的表面,同时保证了光学玻璃较好的表面质量和较高的抛光效率。本论文的工作内容包括以下几个方面：(1)阐述了光学玻璃零件的抛光机理,根据水射流的理论基础,结合弹性发射加工技术和磨料水射流抛光技术的机理研究分析了弹性射流抛光的材料去除机理,分析了抛光过程中会对加工效果产生影响的几个主要工艺参数。(2)根据弹性射流抛光的工艺要求,分析所需设计系统的功能性和实用性,通过对多种设计方案进行对比分析,确定了弹性射流抛光系统的设计原理。其中抛光机构的工作原理基于外圆磨床来实现,射流的形成原理则是对传统的磨料浆体射流方式进行改进。(3)利用流体仿真软件Fluent模拟研究了弹性射流流场分布,分别分析了喷嘴内、喷嘴外和抛光区域的流场状态。对喷嘴的主要结构参数进行了数值模拟和优化,给喷嘴的设计过程提供依据,研究了喷嘴外自由射流部分和抛光区域弹性射流部分的流场状态。(4)根据弹性射流抛光系统的原理设计方案,对系统进行详细的结构设计,完成了弹性射流抛光系统的开发。设计了基于外圆磨床实现加工的抛光装置,对射流系统中供压模块、喷射模块和供料模块进行了分模块设计,并分析了射流系统的工作原理和关键技术。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of science and technology, industry need a lot of large plane optical glass components. The traditional optically manufacturing method can’t satisfy the processing efficiency and the machined surface quality requirements of large plane optical glass components. Therefore studying a brand-new kind of high-efficiency and high-accuracy processing method of the optical components surface is of great significance.Elastic jet polishing is a new optical precision processing method, it control abrasive jet machining process of the work piece surface through high-speed polishing tool, it Make the surface of work piece materials evenly remove to get Super-smooth surface, and it can get preferable surface quality and higher polishing efficiency. The main research contents of this paper are listed as follow:1. Expounds the optical glass polishing mechanism. Based on water jet theory, analyzed removal mechanism of the elastic jet polishing material by Elastic emission machining and water jet polishing. Analyses several main process parameters of polishing process.2. Analysis the system of practicality and functional in line with the Elastic jet polishing requirements, Determine the elastic jet polishing system design principle by compared and analyzed variety of design schemes. The working principle of polishing institutions based on cylindrical grinder to achieve, and the jet of the forming principle of is traditional abrasive jet way slurry improved.3. Simulation research of elastic jet flow field distribution through the use of fluid simulation software Fluent, analyzed respectively within the nozzle, nozzles and polished area flow field condition. Numerical simulation and optimization of the nozzle major structure parameters provides the basis of the nozzle of the design process. research Flow state of Free jet and elastic jet. 4. Perform detailed system structure design according to the principle of elastic jet polishing system design scheme, Completed the elastic jet polishing system development. The grinder is designed based on machining polishing devices, for jet system respectively for pressure module, injection module and material feeding module design, and analyses the working principle of the jet system and the key technology.更多还原