【作者】 甘依依；

【导师】 黄安贻；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 测试计量技术与仪器， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 现代控制系统正向着日常生活应用以及大型复杂的系统两个方向发展。产品的质量是否能使产品的性能达到最优是设计者所要考虑的问题。系统的复杂程度的增加,对其控制性能的要求也随之增加,如何用最简单、最实用的控制算法来得到最佳的控制性能,使系统能在相对恶劣的环境中也能保持控制的精确度和稳定性,这是人们所要解决的一个问题。实际工业运用中,控制对象往往会存在着非线性、时滞性等一系列影响控制效果的特性,所以一些传统的控制理论无法取得很好的控制效果。随着现代控制理论的发展,智能控制理论被提出用来解决一些不确定性系统的控制问题。在解决一些滞后性、非线性的复杂控制系统的过程中,模糊控制作为智能控制领域中的一个重要分支体现了其巨大的优越性。但是模糊控制器的设计是根据专家经验而来,所要设计者在设计的同时往往会加入自已的主观经验。所以,如何在设计中减少设计者主观因素的影响从而进一步提高控制器的性能变得十分重要。将模糊控制和其他算法结合起来设计具有自整定功能的智能模糊控制器是有一定的现实意义的。本文的研究对象是基于1立方米的环境气候箱的温度控制系统,文章从理论上分析了系统的工作机理,基于传热过程对系统建模,并确立其模型参数。由于该系统是一个非线性、滞后性的温控系统,系统的工作过程与其工作环境以及升温及降温速率都有很大的关系。本文通过类比PID控制、PID改进算法以及模糊自整定PID控制器的控制效果,针对控制对象,加入过程干扰量,在Matlab软件中的Simulink工具箱进行仿真,得到可视化仿真控制效果。在分析了传统控制算法不足的基础上,将模糊自整定PID控制算法应用在环境气候箱参数的检测和控制上,通过仿真可以得到模糊自整定PID控制是根据偏差及偏差的变化率自动调整PID控制参数,它即具有模糊控制响应快、适应性强的优点,同时又具有PID自整定控制的高精度、强鲁棒性的优点,为实际控制提供理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Application of Modern control system is developing to two directions covering fields of daily life and huge complicated system. The quality of the product whether can make to achieve the optimal function of the product should be considered by designer. As the increase of the complexity of the control system, the requirement of its control performance becomes higher and higher, How to use the simplest and the most practical control algorithm to obtain the best performance, and make the system accurate and stable in relatively tough environment, that is a problem what people want to solve.In industrial application, some traditional control theory fails to obtain the better control effect because of the nonlinear, time-delay and etc. of the object of the system. Consequently, with the development of modern control theory, the theory of intelligent control is put forward to resolve some uncertainty control problem.In the process of solving some time-delay and nonlinear complex control systems, the fuzzy control reflects its great superiority as an important branch in the field of intelligent control. But the design of fuzzy controller is always based on designer’s subjective experience in different degree, that will affect the effect of the system. Therefore, it is important to know how to reduce the designer’s subjective factors so as to improve the performance of the controller. With the rapid development of kinds of optimization algorithm, the intelligent controller combined with fuzzy control algorithm and other algorithms which has self-tuning function is of certain practical significance.The research object in this article was based on the temperature control system of one cubic meters of environmental climate box. The article analyzed the system of the working mechanism theoretically, established the Mathematical model and its parameters. Because it was a nonlinear, time-delay system, and there was a big relation in its working process and working environment and the rate of heating and cooling. This article gave the analogy of the effects of PID control, PID improved algorithm and fuzzy self-tuning PID control, and makes use of Simulink tool involved in Matlab to simulate and attain visual simulated outcomes by joining the process of different interferences. On the analysis of the shortages of the traditional control algorithm, the fuzzy control algorithm was used to measure and control the parameters of the climate box. Through the simulation to get that the fuzzy self-tuning PID control algorithm was according to the deviation and the change rate of deviation to adjust PID control parameters automatically, fuzzy self-tuning PID control had not only fast response and strong adaptability of fuzzy control, but also had high accuracy and strong robust of PID self-tuning control., that provided the theory basis for practical control.更多还原