【作者】 汤超；

【导师】 王昱；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 通信与信息系统， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 随着交通运输的飞速发展,智能交通系统在现代交通系统中发挥着越来越大的作用。交通系统中最难以解决的是城市交通中的交通堵塞现象。目前,交通堵塞现象很大一部分原因是由于车主在繁忙的道路上违章停车造成的,针对这个问题,交管部门在违停区安装了球形摄像机,通过人工的方式控制摄像机对违停的车辆进行抓拍,事后对录像进行剪辑,并将它们作为处罚的依据。在公安部应用创新计划的支持下,我们开发了一套车辆违停自动抓拍系统,该系统能够实现对违停区内车辆的检测与跟踪,判断车辆是否有违停的行为,进而控制摄像机对违停的车辆进行抓拍,最后在后台软件的协同下完成录像的剪辑。本系统采用TMS320DM642DSP芯片作为开发平台。在DSP/BIOS提供的功能模块的基础上完成了本系统下位机的编码,并通过CCS集成开发环境实现了系统的调试及优化。为了实现系统的网络通信功能,我们采用NDK开发套件实现了本系统的TCP/IP协议栈,并按照系统的需求对其进行了裁剪和优化。在对违停区内车辆的检测过程中,系统将摄像机采集到的帧图像通过TVP5150BPS解码芯片解码后生成YUV(4：2：2)格式的数字信号,经过Y分量的提取和4*4的均值压缩后,DSP对图像数据进行处理。系统采用背景差分法实现对运动目标的检测。背景生成采用了统计平均法,并用surendra算法对背景进行自适应更新。最后利用OTSU算法对前景图像进行自适应阈值分割,得到包含运动目标信息的二值图像。对车辆违停行为的判断,本文采用的是基于违停规则的车辆跟踪算法。系统在初始化时建立了一个以每台车辆信息为结点的链表,而当前帧中处在违停区内的车辆信息保存在栈中,通过栈中元素与链表中每个结点的匹配,从而实现链表的插入,删除和结点数据的更新,最后对链表中结点的信息进行判断,可以判断出车辆是否有违停的行为。为了实现系统的配置管理、违章视频的剪切和系统的升级功能,我们开发了能与下位机进行网络通信的上位机软件。通过这些软件,工作人员能够方便地对违停的车辆进行处理,该系统能够充分满足交管部门的需求。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the development of transportation, the intelligent transportation system is playing a more and more important role in the modern transportation system. Recently, the traffic jams are the most bothering things in our daily life which is caused by illegal parking most of times. To solve this problem, the traffic control department has equipped cameras at the no parking area, staffs can capture vehicles which stop in the no parking area for a short of time by controlling these cameras. After this, they have to find out illegal parked vehicles by clipping videos and thus punish vehicle owners. Under the support of the innovative program of the Military of Public Security, we research and developed the illegal parked automatic capturing system, which can detect and trace vehicles in no parking area. If these are illegal parked vehicles, the system can automatic control camera and capture these cars. By running software on PC, we can get all illegal parked vehicles information.We choose TMS320DM642DSP as the system’s hardware platform. According to varies modules supplied by DSP/BIOS, we accomplished embed device’s code. Later, we debug and optimize the code by CCS integrated development environment, we focused on how to realize the TCP/IP stack of TMS320DM642and how to optimize it. In order to communicate with software on PC by network, we realized the embed device’s TCP/IP stack by the kit of NDK and optimize it according to the system’s function need.In the process of vehicle detection, images captured by the camera is analog signal, which can be changed to YUV(4:2:2) digital signal format by a decoder chip TVP5150BPS, the formatted digital signal can be directly inputted to TMS320DM642’s video port. Then, we only extract the Y component from the YUV format and compress it by4*4mean compression. We choose background subtraction method as the moving detection algorithm, the background is generated by method of average and updated adaptively by algorithm of surendra. After that, the foreground image is segmented adaptively by OTSU algorithm. So we can get a binary image which contains all moving targets information.By determine vehicles’behavior in no parking area, we choose a vehicle tracking method based on illegal parked rules. The system maintains a linked list, whose each node contains a vehicle’s state information. Each time we get a frame, we compare vehicles’information that extracted from this fame with the linked list’s each node. By doing this, we can do insert, delete operation to the linked list and update each node’s information. After all this, we only need to traverse the linked list to determine each vehicle’s behavior in no parking area.In order to manage and configure all embedded devices, we developed some software running on PC, by which, working staffs can deal with illegal events easily. The system can fully meet the requirement of Military of Public Security.更多还原