【作者】 梁伟；

【导师】 吕斌；

【作者基本信息】 安徽大学 ， 民商法学， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 随着社会政治经济的发展,市场主体对于融资产生了巨大的需求,同时法律关系的安全稳定又是市场经济健康、平稳发展不可或缺的保障。在社会经济生活中一般债权质押以其优越的融资能力和良好的债务履行担保能力获得了人们的认可,其作为一种担保制度,必将在鼓励投资、加强基础设施建设以及融资借贷等经济建设领域发挥重要作用。因此,一般债权质押制度在担保物权领域应当居于重要地位。但是,由于一般债权的相对性以及无体性等特点,在理论界引起了对于一般债权质押制度的质疑,关于一般债权质押的争议也从未停歇。然而,《中华人民共和国物权法》对于一般债权质押的相关问题含糊其辞,并未对争议给予明确的回复,这使得一般债权质押在理论与实践两方面均遭遇困境。本文在总结和分析各方面资料的基础之上,重新审视和规范一般债权质押制度,对一般债权质押做了较为全面且细致的论述。本文除引言和结语外,共分为四个部分：第一部分为一般债权质押概述。在性质界定上,本文认为一般债权用于担保在实质上符合质权对质物交换价值直接控制的本质要求；在概念界定上,以标的物为中心,认为一般债权质权是以可以用于质押的非证券债权为标的的权利质权；再次,分别从担保物权的本质、现代登记制度的完善以及社会生活的需要等角度全面阐述了一般债权用于担保的合理性。第二部分为一般债权质权的设立。在质押标的上,为了保证一般债权质权的担保效果,本文认为只有具有内容确定并且可以自由转让的财产性债权才能作为一般债权质权标的用于质押担保；在合同订立上,以出质人与质权人为合同主体,严格规范合同内容,以书面形式订立质押合同；在质权公示上,以我国法律规定为基础,认为一般债权质权应以债权形式主义为成立模式,在比较分析各种公示学说的前提下,强调以债权权利凭证交付为基础,以质押登记为公示方法,以通知第三债务人为补强来设立一般债权质权。第三部分为一般债权质权的效力。全面分析了一般债权质权的效力范围以及对质权人、出质人、第三债务人的约束,以权益平衡为原则,明晰了相关当事人的权利、义务,明确了权利义务的范围,理清了权利、义务的关系,保证一般债权质权的担保功能得到有效实现。第四部分为一般债权质权的实行和风险防范。分别对一般债权质权实行的条件、方式、权利的消灭以及一般债权质权实现的风险进行分析,确保一般债权质权的效力得到落实,从而为一般债权质押的理论、立法、司法以及实践活动提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of social politics and economy, there is a huge demand for financing for market entities, and meanwhile the safety and stability of legal relations is a dispensable part of the healthy and stable development of market economy. In the social and economic life, pledge of general creditor’s right has gained broad recognition for its excellent financing capacity and favorable ability of debt guarantee, which will play an important role in investment, infrastructure construction and financing loans and other fields of economic construction, as a kind of guarantee system. Therefore, the pledge of general creditor’s right should occupy a significant position in the realm of guarantee of pledge. However, there are a lot of queries to general pledge of obligation in theory circle due to the relativity of general creditor’s right, and thus there has been much controversy over it. However,<Real Right Law of the People’s Republic of China> offers an indefinite explanation and does not give a clear reply to controversy, which makes general pledge of obligation fall into trouble both in theory and practice. This thesis, based on the review and analysis of all aspects of datum, will make a more comprehensive and detailed description of it by re-examining pledge of general creditor’s right.The paper is divided into four parts, not including introduction and conclusion:The first part is a general overview of pledge of general creditor’s right. In terms of nature, we believes that general creditor’s right as guarantee virtually meets the essential requirements of the direct control of the pledge for exchanging value of guarantee; In terms of concept, we suppose, centering on the subject-matter, pledge of general creditor’s right is a kind of pledge that can be used as the pledge of non-security creditor’s right. Furthermore, this paper will elaborate on the rationality of general creditor’s right as guarantee respectively from the essence of real right, the completion of modern registration system and the needs of social life.The second part is the establishment of pledge of general creditor’s rights. In terms of the subject-matter of pledge, in order to ensure the guaranteeing effect of pledge of general creditor’s right, this paper suggests that only the property pledge that has explicit contents and can be freely transferred in market can be used as the object of general creditor’s right for guarantee of pledge; in terms of contract making, we consider, with pledgers and pledgees as the subjects, the contents of contracts should be strictly regulated in writing; In terms of the publicity of pledge, it is suggested that the pledge of general creditor’s right should be designed based on the laws of our country and its model should be established on the formalism of creditor’s rights. On the premise of the contrastive analysis of various theories about publicity, it is stressed that pledge of general creditor’s right should be established on the basis of the delivery of document of title, taking pledge register as publicity and notification of the third debtor as a reinforcement.The third part is the effectiveness of general creditor’s right pledge. The thesis will give a comprehensive analysis of the range of effect and the constraint on pledgers, pledgees and the third debtors, from the general creditor’s rights pledge. The paper, with the balance of interests and rights as principle, clarifies relevant parties’ rights and obligations, the range of their rights, the relationship of rights and obligations, and guarantee the effective realization of the function of pledge.The fourth part is the implementation and risk prevention of pledge of general creditor’s right. In this part, we will give a detailed analysis of the conditions and ways of achieving rights, the extinction of rights as well as the risk of rights realization to ensure the implementation of general creditor’s right pledge so as to provide a reference for theory, legislation and judicial practice.更多还原