【作者】 姜路；

【导师】 刘少军； 唐保银；

【作者基本信息】 安徽大学 ， 法律， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 刑事诉讼二审发回重审是指在刑事诉讼中,第二审法院通过审查,将第一审法院存在实体性或者程序性问题的未生效判决予以撤销,发回原审法院重新审理。刑事二审发回重审作为我国刑事诉讼法中的一个重要的制度,对于司法公正与人权保障发挥着重要的作用。二审法院通过对案件的全面审查,发现一审法院中存在的实体性问题和程序性问题,把存在问题的案件发回一审法院重审。通过二审发回重审,可以有效地监督一审法院的审判活动,起到约束一审法院的目的,使得一审法院在审理案件的过程中,严格执行审判程序的规定,认真负责地对案件事实问题进行论证,确保案件审判结果的公正和公平,这也是刑事二审发回重审的存在的意义和价值所在。通过二审发回重审,同时也维护了二审终审制,保障了被告人的上诉权,确保二审法院对案件进行全面审查,而不是流于形式,对于发现存在实体违法和程序违法的一审案件,二审法院应依据刑事诉讼法的相关规定进行处理,或者直接发回重审,或者在查清事实的基础上改判。首先,从刑事二审发回重审的法律概念出发,介绍刑事二审发回重审的特征及理论基础,使大家更加清晰的了解二审发回重审的发生条件、原因以及法理基础等内容。其次,通过对英美法系和大陆法系中的刑事二审发回重审制度的介绍,来与我国的刑事二审发回重审制度进行横向的比较,从中找出不同国家发回重审制度的相同点和不同点,以期总结出别国制度中适合我国国情的部分,对我国的二审发回重审制度进行合理的改造。再次,通过对我国刑事二审发回重审制度的存在问题的分析,介绍了二审发回重审存在的主要问题。通过对二审发回重审主要问题产生原因的分析,详细介绍了思想层面的因素、传统司法层面的因素以及法官考核制度中不科学因素的长期存在,从而为更合理的设计这一制度奠定良好的基础。最后,介绍了我国刑事二审发回重审制度的合理设计,包括重新构建我国刑事二审发回重审制度的司法理念以及具体措施。通过理论和实践的改革,来达到完善我国刑事二审发回重审制度的目的,使这一制度在维护社会稳定,维持司法公正等方面发挥更加重要的作用。虽然我国的刑事二审发回重审制度还存在着一些问题,例如发回重审的理由和标准不明确,一审法院容易受习惯性思维的影响,重审程序混乱等,但是我相信,经过广大专家学者的努力,这种情况一定会得到改善。希望通过本文的分析,可以使广大学者对于刑事二审发回重审制度有一个更加清醒的认识,找出现行制度的不足并不断地加以改进和完善。更多还原

【Abstract】 The criminal appeal trail in the course of the retrial is point to the criminal procedure, there will be court of first instance substantive or procedural problems without the effective verdict revoked, back to the court for a new judging. The criminal appeal trial plays an important role of the criminal procedure law of our country as an important system for the judicial justice. The second instance court to review the case through comprehensive, the court found that the substantive problems existing in and procedural problems, revocation problems of inactive verdict and the existing problems of the case back to the court review. Through the second retrial, it can monitor the first-instance court judge activity, ensure the constraint of the court of purpose, make the court in the process of the lawsuit strictly carry out the provisions of the trial program, responsible for the case facts of the author, ensure that the results of the trial and fairly, this is also the retrial of criminal trial of the existing significance and value. Through the second retrial, also maintained the second instance as the final judger, safeguarding the right of the defendant on, to ensure that the second instance court cases of comprehensive review, not become a mere formality, to found illegal and procedures of the entity illegal the case, the court of second instance shall be according to the relevant provisions of the criminal procedure law, processing or directly retrial, or in the basis of ascertain the facts adjudged.Firstly, this part is from the concept of the criminal appeal retrial legal, we introduce the feature of retrial of criminal appeal trial, make you more clear understanding of the retrial of second instance conditions, and the reasons and legal theory, etc.Secondly, this part is introduce the new trial system through the common law and civil law of criminal trial, and the then transverse comparison of our country to criminal retrial system, find out the difference among the new trial system similarities and differences of other countries, so as to summarize the other countries in the system suitable for China’s national conditions of part of our country, announced the new trial system on the reasonable transformation.Again, this part analysis our criminal appeal trial of the through new trial system existence problem, introduced the trial of the main problems of retrial, makes people more profound understanding to this system reform reasons, it is just play the advantage of this system. Then analysis the main problems in the course of the retrial of causes, introduces in detail the factors, traditional thought level judicial aspects of the factors, and the judge assessment system of the long-term existence scientific factor that makes us recognize the shortcomings of the system, so as to make the good foundation of a more reasonable design of the system.Finally, this part introduces a reasonable design of the new retrial system in China’s criminal appeal trial, including our country to build criminal appeal retrial of the new trial system of judicial philosophy, and specific measures. Through the theory and practice of reform, to achieve perfect our country’s criminal trial of the purpose of the new trial system, make this a system play more important role in maintaining social stability and judicial justice.Although our country’s criminal appeal trial of the new trial system some problems still exist, such as the retrial of reason and standard is not clear, the court vulnerable to the influence of the thinking of habitual, review procedures such as chaos, but I believe, by the experts and scholars of effort, the situation will improve. By the analysis of this paper to, can make the scholars for criminal trial of the new trial system is a more sober understanding, find out the deficiency of the current system and constantly improved and perfected.更多还原