【作者】 代勇；

【导师】 李素芬；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 热能工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 目前,随着蒸汽参数和装机容量的提高,超临界锅炉已逐渐成为我国火电机组中的主要热力设备。进一步加强对于超临界锅炉的运行监管与节能改造是我国火电厂节约能源、提高能源利用率的迫切要求。超临界锅炉自动化程度的不断提高,使得利用电站仿真技术对锅炉能量系统进行实时能效管理成为了可能。以往的系统仿真主要采用基于数据分析方法的黑箱或灰箱模型,得到的系统特性难以进行理论分析,仅为规律性的总结。本文试图运用机理化方法对锅炉的能量系统进行建模,进行更为可靠的仿真计算。其中,灰渣与飞灰含碳量C是电站锅炉能效在线计算所需的关键数据,无法实现实时数据采集,是目前实时在线能效计算的主要障碍。本文在反平衡效率计算模型的基础上,引入相关燃烧模型、相关煤颗粒模型、相关传热计算模型,建立锅炉系统入口参数与c的函数关系,使反平衡效率计算完全建立在实时数据的基础上,从而实现锅炉能效计算的实时性。接下来借助Matlab软件平台,采用模块化方法对超临界锅炉的能量系统进行计算机编程,并利用某电厂600MW超临界锅炉现场数据进行比对验证了仿真计算的合理性。通过对炉膛进口可控参数的仿真实验,研究了整个锅炉系统的能耗指标变化规律,探讨不同工况下以锅炉热效率最大为目标的可控参数调整方案,优化计算各应达值指标。结果表明：运用机理建模方法的可控指标优化方案,可以在一定程度上降低电站锅炉单位能耗,提高电厂整体效率,为电厂节能提供指导。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present, with development of the steam pararneters and the installed capacity of the power plant, supercritical boilers are the main devices of thermal power units. In order to save the coal-fired plants’energy and improve energy efficiency, the management of the thermal power supercritical boilers’operation should be strengthened.Because of the supercritical boiler automation increased, which utilizes the power plant simulation technology to real-time energy efficiency boiler energy system has become possible. The previous system simulation using black box or gray box models based on data analysis methods cannot carry out characteristics of the system in theoretical analysis, but just regular summary. The article attempts to use the.mechanism approach to modeling the energy system of the boiler, more reliable simulation. The carbon in ash which is unable to realize real-time data acquisition is the key data of boiler efficiency for online calculation, and it is the main obstacle to the real-time online calculation of energy efficiency currently. In this paper, the relational combustion model, the relational coal particles model,the heating furnace internal heat transfer and the heating-surface convection heat transfer are introduced to the heat balance computing model of boiler. It establishes a complete functional relationship between entrance parameters of boiler system and C, and it makes the calculation of energy efficiency based on the measurable variable completely. Thus, the on-line energy efficiency computation becomes feasible. And on that basis, the theory on deviation analysis is introduced to calculate the change in overall energy efficiency of the boiler resulted from each single operating parameter deviate from the target value. Then the on-line real-time model for energy efficiency computation and quantitative analysis of the factors of the power plant pulverized coal boiler is established.With the help of Matlab software platform, a modular method is proposed to simulate the supercritical boiler energy system and to verify the rationality of the simulation according to the field data of600MW supercritical boiler in a power plant. Through the simulation of the furnace import’s adjustable parameters, the variation of energy consumption index of the entire boiler system is researched and the controlled parameter adjustment programs for energy saving under different conditions are investigated. Then optimize the reference value. The results showed that the controllability index optimize program by using of mechanism modeling method can reduce the utility boiler energy consumption to a certain extent, and improve overall plant efficiency, and provide guidance for the power plant energy-saving.更多还原