【作者】 刘佳；

【导师】 宋向群；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 港口、海岸及近海工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 全球经济和贸易的日益繁荣,促进了航运事业的快速发展,船舶尺寸大型化的趋势愈加明显,数量迅速增长。船舶的大型化和数量的增加,在带来港口规模效益的同时,也对港口的配套设施提出了更高的要求。随着港区泊位规模的扩大,来港船舶数量的增多,使得航道内船舶交通日益繁忙,造成航道的使用冲突,单线航道尤为明显。已建航道开始无法满足当前船舶安全高效进出港的要求,此时航道的通过能力就成为吞吐量提高和港口发展的瓶颈。虽然改扩建航道可以明显提高航道通过能力,但受前期建设制约,港口和主航道的总体布局难以进行大幅度的修改,所以在船舶通航管理方面寻求有效的调度方式,采用合理的船舶进出港规则,尽量避免扩建航道从而可以大大节约工程投资。然而针对不同的港区条件,何种船舶进出港规则才能更有效的提高航道通过能力,是港口规划和建设部门亟待解决的问题。矿石、煤炭等大宗散货的远洋国际贸易运输,大多数是由大型散货船来完成,与其他船型相比,近年来散货船舶专业化、大型化的趋势更加显著,故本文针对沿海散货港区,首先综合分析港口船舶航行作业过程及常用的船舶进出港规则；然后,利用计算机仿真技术,构建基于不同规则的沿海散货港区船舶航行作业系统仿真模型；最后,针对不同航道条件和不同规模的进出口港区进行仿真试验,量化不同船舶进出港规则下航道通过能力、通航历时和港口服务水平三者的对应关系,研究进出港规则对航道通过能力的影响,进而确定不同的船舶进出港规则所适合港区航道类型,为实际港口的运营管理提供一定的理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 With growing prosperity of the global economy and trade, the development of the shipping career is rapidly promoted. The ship size and number is growing faster. The upsizing of ship and increase in number bring in the economies of scale effect, moreover brings in higher requirements for the matched port facilities need to be satisfied. With the expansion of the berth scale of port and increasing in the number of coming ships, it makes the vessel traffic increasingly busy in waterway, the conflict become more and more obviously especially in single-line waterway. Existing waterways can’t meet the requirements of ships’entering and leaving port safely and efficiently any more, therefore waterway capacity is becoming bottleneck in the throughput improvement and port development. Although waterway expansion can improve waterway ability, it’s difficult to change the general layout of port and main waterway because of the constraint of pre-construction. In this respect of ship navigation management, the reasonable rules of ship entering and leaving port is effective, consequently avoiding expansion can save the investment of project greatly. However in view of the different port conditions, which rule can improve waterway capacity effectively is the urgent problem need to be solved by port planning and construction departmentLarge bulk ships complete most of international ocean transportation of major bulks such as ore, coal, etc. Compared with other types of ship, the specialization trend and upsizing trend of bulk ships are more prominent. Based on the analysis of rules and ship navigational process, this paper establishes a simulation model for ships navigation system by using computer simulation technology in coastal bulk port area, which is based on different rules of ship entering and leaving port. Through the simulation experiment on bulk port areas with different scales and research on influence of different rules on waterway capacity, the relationships among water capacity, travel time and port service level under different rules are obtained, then the best rule for certain port can be determined, which provide certain theoretical basis for actual operational management.更多还原