【作者】 张维庆；

【导师】 王明年；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 桥梁与隧道工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 通过对汶川地震震害调查,发现震区内各穿越断层隧道过断层段破坏情况较普通段严重,认为穿越断层隧道过断层段为震害设防之枢纽。本文对穿越断层隧道震害机理进行研究,针对实际断层地震响应的不同,机理分两个方面分析,即滑动断层震害机理以及非滑动断层震害机理。其中非滑动断层震害机理具体研究了断层破碎带宽度差异以及隧道埋深的不同对断层段隧道结构震害影响,提出了影响因素变化规律。滑动断层震害机理研究了地震导致的断层错动与地震惯性力二者对穿越断层隧道震害影响的不同,分清二者主次关系。还研究了断层错动方向差异对隧道影响的不同,提出最不利错动方向。同时,根据实际调查结果,分析了不同断层破碎带类型下隧道震害机理,为抗减震措施的提出提供了条件。另外,通过计算,确定隧道与断层平行情况下二者间安全距离,为抗减震设防提供了依据。同时,在机理研究成果基础之上研究了具有针对性的断层段隧道抗减震措施,即：研究了施作不同间距减震缝下穿越滑动断层隧道减震效果,分析出减震缝间距与减震效果间关系,提出最优减震效果间距；研究了初支二衬交错设缝减震效果,并对比单层设缝；研究了施做不同厚度减震层下穿越滑动断层隧道减震效果,提出最优减震层厚度；研究了接触注浆与深部注浆两种抗震措施,提出最优方案。更多还原

【Abstract】 Wenchuan earthquake damage survey indicates that each tunnel through fault has more serious damage in fault section than common segment, so fault section is key point in seismic fortification. This paper studies seismic damage mechanism of tunnels through fault. Based on differences of fault seismic response, mechanism research includes two sections, one is slip fault seismic damage mechanism research, another is non-slip fault seismic damage mechanism research. In non-slip fault section, the through fault tunnel seismic damage influents of difference in fault width and tunnel depth is studied, and the variation is found. In slip fault section, the tunnel seismic damage influence between fault slip and seismic inertia force caused by earthquake is studied, and the primary factor is determined. The tunnel influence of different direction of fault slip is researched, and the most unfavorable slip direction is determined. According to the seismic damage survey, the seismic damage mechanism in multiple fault types is studied also, which provides different condition to fortify. In addition, the safety distance between tunnel and fault is determined by digital simulation in condition that tunnel is parallel to the fault, which provides the basis for fortification. On the basis of mechanism research, the fortification measures for different condition are studied. The damping effect between different spacing of damping seam is studied, and the best spacing for damping is determined. The damping effect of staggered damping seam is studied, in contrast to common damping seam. The damping effect between different thick of damping layer is studied, and the best thick for damping is determined. The two kinds of anti-seismic measures are studied:contact grouting and deep grouting, and the most effective kind is determined.更多还原