【作者】 高如；

【导师】 张志强；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 桥梁与隧道工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 伴随着经济快速发展而来的大规模基础设施建设,隧道工程日益增多,我国已成为世界上建成隧道总长最大、数量最多的国家,同时也是隧道穿越各种工程地质、水文地质条件最复杂多变的国家。特别在我国南方地区,山岭海拔高、地下水资源丰富。富水山岭隧道如何保障施工期间以及运营期间隧道结构安全性,保护地下水资源、生态环境,已经成为亟待解决的关键问题。大相岭隧道最大埋深1648米,是我国在建埋深最大的隧道,地质结构、水文地质条件十分复杂,自然地理条件恶劣,地下水丰富,集高压涌突水、大变形、断层等地质灾害于一身。在这种大埋深富水地层里,施工过程中极易发生掌子面突水、突泥等安全性灾害,尤其在破碎软岩区修建隧道,地下水对围岩、衬砌的作用直接关系到隧道施工的安全性及结构使用的耐久性。但是当今在山区地下水分布与运动规律方面缺乏系统的研究,使隧道施工与运营面临此类情况时表现出很大的随意性甚至盲目性。因此,本文以大相岭隧道工程为对象,采用数值模拟为手段,对复杂环境山岭隧道区域水流场分布及涌水量预测进行相关研究,从宏观上把握地下水赋存与运动规律显得很有必要。主要研究成果如下：1.基于裂隙岩体渗流理论,提出了适合大相岭隧道的地下水流模型——考虑断层的等效介质模型。2.通过有限差分软件VISUAL-MODFLOW,建立了区域水文地质概念模型并转化成数学模型,并对模型进行了识别验证。3.研究了自然条件下隧址区地下水分布与运动变化规律,隧道区段开挖后地下水分布与运动变化规律,以及隧道贯通后地下水分布与运动变化规律,并在此基础之上对隧道典型断面施工期间涌水量进行了预测。4.评估了隧道运营后隧址区地下水环境恢复情况,提出了隧道环境影响的一些相关工程对策。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the large-scale infrastructure resulted from the rapid economic development, more and more tunnel projects are springing up, which makes our China into the country with the longest length as well as the largest number of tunnels. At the same time there are too many complex engineering geology and hydrogeology for the projects to cross in such vast territory of our country. Especially in the south of China, tunnels face more mountains with high-altitude, abundant groundwater resources. How to protect the tunnel structural safety as well as groundwater resources and ecological environment during the tunnel operation and construction has become the key issues.Nibashan tunnel is the depthest tunnel under construction in our country which is1648meters. The geological structure and hydrogeological conditions are very complex.With poor natural and geographical conditions and rich groundwater, the tunnel will occer high pressure Gushing water, large deformation, faults and other geological disastersins. In such great-depth and rich-water surrounding layers, face disasters such as burst mud, spring water, especially in crushing soft rock area. Groundwater is directly related to the role of the surrounding rock, lining the tunnel construction safety and durability of the structure used. But the researches in this area are short of support of system theory. So serious arbitrariness and blindness are showen when tunnel project confronts these kinds of events.It is necessary to research on regional flow field distribution and prediction of water inflow through nibashan tunnel under conplex conditions by numerical simulation. The main research work are as follows:1. Based on the seepage theory, the paper proposes a suitable flow model of Nibasha Tunnel-an equivalent medium model considering the fault. 2. We construct the hydrogeological conceptual model and mathematical model of the area by the finite difference software VISUAL-MODFLOW, and identify the model and verifty the model, which verifies the validity of the model, and laid the foundation for the study below.3. The thesis makes a research on the law of groundwater distribution and flow in tunnel site under different conditions, including under natural conditions, after the partial excavation of the tunnel and after completion of the tunnel by conceptual model of hydrogeology.Rely on the research,it predicts the tunnel water inflow.4. The article assesses the repair of the tunnel adjacent groundwater in Inflow of water recommendations.更多还原