【作者】 钟以波；

【导师】 顾军； 钟康民；

【作者基本信息】 苏州大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 剪板机是根据尺寸要求对板材进行切断加工的剪切设备，在制造领域具有广泛应用。目前，剪板机主运动的驱动方式，主要有液压、气动和机械三种。其中，液压剪板机存在的主要技术问题是：（1）油液泄露造成环境污染；（2）传动效率低，造成较大的能源浪费；（3）泵、阀等液压元件价格较昂贵，维护较困难；（4）大型液压剪板机需要液压泵具有较大的流量，同时也需要油箱具有较大的容积，造成系统体积庞大。气动剪板机存在的主要技术问题是：（1）系统压强低，只能用于剪切力较小的场合；（2）气体具有可压缩性，无法像液压剪板机那样采用同步回路，因而不能用于剪切宽度较大的场合。机械剪板机存在的主要技术问题是：（1）自动化控制水平低；（2）必须采用导轨对直线运动进行导向，对于大型剪板机势必造成结构复杂制造，增加了制造难度，提高了制造成本。针对现有剪板机的上述缺点，本文对剪板机的驱动技术进行了研究。主要进行了以下工作：（1）对液压剪板机液压同步回路进行了分析，设计了基于无杆液压缸的杠杆—肘杆增力驱动装置，该驱动装置较传统的单纯液压驱动装置，在同样的系统压力时，能够显著减小液压缸的直径，从而可以采用较小流量的液压泵和较小容积的油箱。（2）设计了气液增力液压同步的气动剪板机，以及气动—二级肘杆增力液压同步的气动剪板机，使得气动剪板机也能够用于剪切宽度较大的场合。（3）设计了以伺服电机为动力源的机械增力数控剪板机驱动装置，提高了机械剪板机的自动化控制水平。（4）对所设计的剪板机中采用的杠杆—肘杆、二级肘杆、曲柄连杆—肘杆等增力机构，运用MATLAB和Pro/e等软件，进行了力学性能分析和运动学、动力学仿真，导出了可供工程界参考的公式、图表和曲线。（5）对研究工作过程进行了总结，对剪板机的技术发展趋势进行了展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 According to the size requirements, shearing machine is a sheet cutting equipment tocut processing and it widely used in the manufacturing sector. At present, the drivenapproach of the shears main movement includes three kinds of hydraulic, pneumatic andmechanical. Among them, the main technical problems of hydraulic shears are:(1) Oilindustry leak caused by environmental pollution;(2) The transmission efficiency is low,resulting in a large waste of energy;(3) Pumps, valves and other hydraulic components aremore expensive and more difficult to maintain;(4) Large amount hydraulic shears need thehydraulic pump has a larger flow, but also need the fuel tank with a larger volume,resulting in the system bulky. The main technical problems of pneumatic shears:(1) Thesystem pressure is low, can only be used for shear force smaller occasions;(2) The gas iscompressible, not like the hydraulic shears as a synchronous circuit, and therefore not beused for larger cutting width of occasions. Mechanical shears the main technical problem is:(1) Low level of automation and control;(2) Must be used to guide the linearmotion-oriented, large shears is bound to result in structural complexity of manufacturing,manufacturing difficulty, improve the manufacturing costs.For the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing shears, the article studiesshears drive technology. Mainly for the following tasks:(1) Synchronization hydraulic shears and hydraulic circuit analysis, design, by forcedrives based on the leverage of the rodless hydraulic cylinder-toggle, the drive the moretraditional simple hydraulic drive unit, in the same system pressure can significantlyreduce the diameter of the hydraulic cylinder, which can use a smaller flow of thehydraulic pump and a smaller volume of the tank.(2) Pneumatic shears pneumatic shears designed gas-liquid by force hydraulicsynchronization, and pneumatic-hydraulic synchronization of two elbow lever by forcepneumatic shears, making cutting width can also be used the occasion. Pro/e software, analysis and movement of the mechanical properties, dynamicssimulation, and derived the formula of reference for the engineering sector, charts andcurves.(5) A summary of the research process, shears trends in technology outlook.更多还原