【作者】 任来堂；

【导师】 胡巍；

【作者基本信息】 河南大学 ， 经济法学， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 19世纪末以来，消费者保护问题逐渐成为社会性问题，尤其是现代社会，科学技术的迅猛发展，生产与经营社会化程度不断提高，消费者与生产者、经营者之间的信息不对称程度日益加剧，消费者与经营者的分离、利益的对立以及消费者的弱势性，再加上垄断和不正当竞争行为的日益增多，导致经营者对消费者利益的侵害成为普遍的社会问题。消费者保护组织的产生和消费者运动的兴起，使得消费者保护问题日益成为国际性的问题。随着欧、美等国家发动了声势浩大的消费者运动，消费者保护问题越来越受到重视。消费者权利作为保护消费者利益的法律手段，也逐渐成为法学研究中的一个重要问题。消费者处于弱势地位体现在很多方面，对消费者权益保护主要从四个方面来进行：一是消费者及其组织的自我保护，这是消费者保护运动的初始力量；二是社会舆论，在消费者保护运动中，社会舆论以其广泛而深刻的影响里产生着特殊的作用；三是经营者对其的保护；四是国家对消费者权益的保护，主要有行政保护和法律保护。在现代市场经济社会中，国家干预已成为消费者权利保护的重要手段。本文试图以国家干预为视角，首先分析了消费者权利保护基本理论，对国内外消费者权利保护的现状进行了分析，并在此基础上论证了消费者权利保护过程中国家干预的必要性与必然性，进而提出了我国关于消费者权利保护国家干预的方式及其未来发展。本文除引言和结语外，共四部分。第一部分：消费者权利保护的基本理论。该部分主要首先分析了消费者权利保护的概念和特征，对消费者权利保护做了一个基本的介绍，以期对其有一个正确的理解。其次，通过对消费者权利保护产生的历史进行回顾，阐明消费者权利保护制度的产生的历史背景及内在原因，进一步探究消费者保护制度发展的规律，为我国这一制度的发展和完善提供参考。第二部分：国内外消费者权利保护的现状。该部分首先论述了我国现阶段消费者权利保护的现状，即产生发展与立法现状，以及消费者权利保护制度存在的问题。其次，对国外发达国家有消费者权利保护的制度进行分析考察，以期能为我国消费者权利保护法律制度的完善提供借鉴的资源。第三部分：消费者权利保护过程中国家干预的理论基础。该部分主要从三个方面论述了消费者权利保护中国家干预的理论基础，即经济学、社会学基础和现代法治基础。并在此基础上分析了消费者权利保护中国家干预的必然性、必要性以及可行性等问题。第四部分：消费者权利保护过程中国家干预的方式。该部分主要论述了消费者权利保护中国家干预的方式，即辅助消费者和规制生产、经营者。在对国家干预的两条路径进行比较分析的基础上，对国家干预的方式进行选择并对未来国家干预方式的发展提出了自己的见解。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the late19th century, consumer protection issues have become a social problem. Inmodern times, especially with the rapid development of science and technology, the degree ofsocialization in production and business operations has been greatly improved. The degree ofinformation asymmetry between consumers, producers and operators is also rapidly increased.As well as the growing number of monopoly and unfair competition, the separation betweenconsumers and operators, the antagonistic interests and the vulnerability of consumers resultin a widespread social problem that the operators against the interests of consumers. With thegeneration of consumer protection organizations and the rise of the consumer movement,consumer protection has increasingly become international issues. Along with the massiveconsumer movements launched in Europe, United States and other countries, people pay moreand more attention to consumer protection. Consumers’ rights as a legal way to protect theinterests of consumers has gradually become an important problem in the legal study. Theprotection of the consumers’ interests mainly follow the five aspects: Firstly, theself-protection of consumers and their organizations, which is the initial strength of theconsumer protection movement; Secondly, public opinion with its broad and profoundinfluence plays a special role in the consumer protection movement. Thirdly, the protection ofoperators; The next one is the protection of consumer rights and interests from governmentwhich mainly consists of administrative protection and legal protection; Nowadays, state intervention has become the important way to protect consumers’ rights. On the basis of thebasic theory on consumer rights protection, this paper attempts to analyze the current situationof domestic and foreign consumers’ rights protection, discusses the necessity of stateintervention in the process of consumer rights protection, then puts forward the way ofChina’s consumer rights protection and its future development.In addition to the introduction and conclusion, there are four parts in this paper.Part I: the basic theory of consumer rights protection. Firstly, this part which gives abasic introduction of consumer rights protection and mainly analyzes the concept andcharacteristics of the consumer rights protection, tries to give a correct understanding. Next,through the review of the history of the consumer rights protection, this part clarifies thehistorical background of the consumer rights protection system and internal reasons. Thenfurther study the law of development of the consumer protection system and provide areference for the development and perfection of consumer protection system in China.Part II: The situation of consumer rights Protection at home and abroad. Firstly, thissection discusses the situation of consumer rights protection at the present stage in ourcountry and the problems of the consumer rights protection system. Secondly, analyze andstudy the system of consumer rights protection in the developed countries in order to bringout methods to complete the consumer rights protection in China’s legal system.Part III: The theoretical basis of state intervention in consumer rights protection. Thatpart discusses the theoretical basis of state intervention in the protection of consumer rightsfrom the following three aspects. That is economics, sociology basis and modern law foundation. And analyze the inevitability, necessity and feasibility of state intervention in theprotection of consumer rights.Part IV: The way of state intervention in the process of consumer rights protection. Thissection discusses the way of state intervention in the protection of consumer rights. That isauxiliary consumers and supervision of operators. On the basis of a comparative analysis ofthe two paths of state intervention，put forward my own opinions on the future developmentof state intervention.更多还原