【作者】 彭少飞；

【导师】 吴燕冈；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 地质工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国经济的飞速发展、现代化进程急速加快，对各种矿产资源的需求量也与日俱增，如何尽快找到更多更好的矿产和油气资源是一个迫在眉睫的问题。由于重力勘探和磁法勘探的物理基础是地质体与围岩具有一定的密度和磁性差异，对物理性质差异较大的地质体分辨能力较强，而铁等多金属矿产资源的密度和磁性通常与周围岩体存在明显差异，因此重力勘探和磁法勘探在寻找金属矿产和查明地质构造等方面有着广泛的应用[1]。重力勘探和磁法勘探作为地球物理勘探工作应用中最早的方法，在金属矿产、非金属矿产勘查的各个阶段都得到十分广泛的应用[2]。由于它们具有成本低、效率高、操作简便、工作限制条件较少的优点，因此，在金属矿藏普查、圈定矿体位置等方面效果显著[3]。然而，自然界的地质情况是较为繁冗复杂的，各种地质体形状不规则、物理性质参数不均一，有些地质体还存在相互穿插交叠现象。不仅如此，在野外数据获取过程中还会受各种因素干扰影响，如系统误差、偶然误差、人为误差等等，这些因素使测量结果变得更加复杂、难以解读。因此要想对实测资料进行地质解释，首先要区分不同类型的异常[4]。如何在密度或磁性差异不明显的地区排除干扰，准确推断不同地质体的边界、以及如何通过位场分离提取弱异常，已经成为地球物理工作者急待解决的问题。作者硕士研究生在读期间于2010至2011年有幸参加了中国地质调查局《吉黑东部矿产资源潜力综合调查与评价》项目中的《吉黑东部综合找矿方法研究(编号1212011085483)》工作项目，并参加了多个测区的重力和磁法野外数据采集工作，因此选择其中的黑龙江翠宏山铁多金属矿区为研究区，具有理论和实际意义。翠宏山铁多金属矿位于黑龙江省伊春市逊克县境内，矿区所处位置交通十分便利。该矿属大型复杂矽卡岩矿床，其中富铁、钼、钨及锌等矿的规模分别属大型；贫铁、硫铁矿石、铅等分别属中型；铜矿为小型；并伴生银、镉、铟、硒等[5]。该矿床资源丰富，总储量约15000万吨，其中铁矿石总储量7000万吨，其他有色金属矿8000万吨[6]，钼储量10万吨，钨储量12万吨，锌储量50万吨等等，资源潜在经济价值近千亿元。铁矿石原矿品味较高，平均品位为48%，最高达到63%。该矿具有矿体规模大，连续性好，矿石品位和资源利用价值高，运输条件优越等诸多优势[7]。作者首先，对黑龙江翠宏山铁多金属矿区1:10000的高精度实测重、磁数据进行了各项外部改正和预处理；其次，利用相关软件进行了化极、延拓、匹配滤波分离深源和浅场、分层剩余异常、垂向导数等模型试验和实测资料处理，同时绘制了各种中间处理结果图件，并对各等值线图作了相应的分析比较；最后，对得到的结果进行了综合分析和解释，推断出研究区内地质体的边界和主要断裂，并给出了进一步找矿的建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 As rapid economy development and accelerated modernization progress in ourcountry, the quantity demand for a variety of mineral resources is increasing. How to findmore and better mineral and oil-gas resources as soon as possible is imminent. At the sametime, as gravity and magnetic exploration has a strong ability to distinguish objects ofdifferent densities and magnetic, and the mineral resources is generally different with itssurrounding rock, so the gravity and magnetic exploration applies widely to find mineralresources and identify of geological structures[1].Gravity exploration and geomagnetic exploration is the earliest geophysicalapplications method, it is applied widely to every stages of metal mines, non-metallicmineral exploration[2]. As there are many advantages of these explorations, such as low cost,high efficiency, easy operation, less work restrictions, so, the effects of these explorationsare significant in mineral resource prospecting and the location delineating[3].However, the geological conditions of nature are intricate and complex, and manygeological bodies are irregular, and many parameters of physical property areinhomogenous, even some geological body overlaps others. What’s more, data collected inthe fields is affected by many interference of various factors, such as system error, randomerror, artificial error and so on. These factors make the measurement results become morecomplex and difficult to interpret. Therefore, in order to carry out the geologicalinterpretation from measured data, we need to distinguish abnormal information betweendifferent types at first[4]. How to eliminate the interference in the region of density ormagnetic with weak abnormal information to conclude the boundaries of differentgeological bodies accurately and how to extract weak abnormal information from potentialfield separation, it has become an urgent problem that geophysical workers needed toresolve immediately.I’m very fortunate participating in the project “The Combined Method ofGeophysical and Geochemical Exploration for minerals in Eastern Jilin and Heilongjiang(No.1212011085483)” of the China Geological Survey project “Mineral ResourcePotential Survey and Assessment in Eastern Jilin and Heilongjiang” during my MasterDegree from2010to2011. I have participated in gravity and magnetic field data collectionin many survey areas, so I selected one of the iron mine of Cuihong Mountain,Heilongjiang Province as the study area which has a theoretical and practical significance. The iron-polymetallic of Cuihongshan located in Xunke County, Yichun City,Heilongjiang Province, the local transportation is very convenient. It is a large andcomplex skarn deposit, The scale of iron-rich, molybdenum, tungsten, zinc and so on islarge; The scale of iron-poor, pyrite mine, lead and so on is medium; The scale of coppermine is minority; And silver, cadmium, indium, selenium are accompanying[5]. This depositis rich in resources, the total reserves of about150million tons, this include70milliontons of iron ore,80million tons of other non-ferrous metal mine[6],100,000tons ofmolybdenum reserves,120,000tons of tungsten reserves of,500,000tons of zinc reservesand so on. The potential value of the resources is nearly1000billion. Higher iron minetaste, with an average grade of48%, up to63%. The iron mine is of high grade, averagegrade of48%, up to63%. There are many advantage of this mine, such as, mine body oflarge-scale, good continuity, excellent transportation conditions, and both mine grades andresource utilization value are high[7].First, I have measured gravity and geomagnetic in iron mine of in a proportionally1:10000Cuihong Mountain, Heilongjiang Province and proofread and preprocessed thedata. Then I have processed the data by model testing and laboratory general processingusing software, like reduction to pole, continuation, matching filter separation of deep andshallow field, layered residual anomaly and so on. Finally, I have analysed and interpretedthe results synthetically and inferred the boundaries and major faults of geological body,and given the corresponding recommendation for mine prospecting.更多还原