【作者】 陈天福；

【导师】 张平；

【作者基本信息】 广东工业大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 高速高精五轴联动数控系统及机床是一个国家的重大战略装备,也是一个强国的重要标志。它是解决大型复杂曲面例如叶轮、叶片、船用螺旋桨、重型发电机转子、汽轮机转子、大型柴油机曲轴等零件的加工的重要、甚至唯一有效手段。然而五轴联动数控机床在实践中的应用长期以来使用起来面临两个困难或瓶颈是：一个是编制高效的数控加工程序的困难(一些著名商业软件如UG等已具有),是快速变更数控程序的困难。其根本问题之一可以归结为“3D刀具半径补偿功能的缺失”。实现3D刀具半径补偿的功能最主要的困难在于：五轴数控机床增加了两个旋转轴的运动,使得刀具空间运动,摆姿非常复杂,空间刀具半径补偿的实现变得极其困难,传统二轴、三轴刀具半径补偿已经不适合五轴3D刀具半径补偿。针对这个问题,本文提出了五轴3D刀具半径补偿算法,并利用Visual C++6.0软件编程实现,最后在Vericut软件上进行实验仿真验证,证明它是满足要求的。文章对该领域关键问题及相关论文成果作了深入的分析、研究和总结,主要作了如下几方面的研究工作：1.建立起3D刀具半径补偿的数学模型,推导了实现刀具半径补偿的算法。2.以双转台机床为平台,建立机床的数学模型,推导实现后置处理的算法,并对机床运动进行求解。3.借助UG软件对叶片模型实例进行处理,进行刀迹规划,输出刀位文件,为后面实现刀具半径补偿算法提供加工信息。4.用Visual C++6.0开发五轴3D刀具半径补偿后置处理模拟系统,实现刀具半径补偿算法。读入刀位文件后,只需要修改相应的刀具参数,就可以输出带有补偿的刀位文件或者带有补偿的NC代码。5.利用Vericut软件模拟加工带有补偿的NC代码。通过比较刀具半径变化后,这些实现刀具半径补偿的NC代码加工的实验结果,可以看出设计是可行的。本文推导的算法通用性好,计算量小,只是在刀位文件信息采集时,如果刀位文件比较大时就需要大量存储空间。不过由于现代数控系统的存储的能力已经得到大大提升,所以算法能够满足加工的要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 Five-Axis Linkage CNC System with high speed and high precision is classified as national important strategic equipment. And it is also considered as an important role, even one way, to deal with the processing of impeller, blade, marine propeller, heavy generator rotor, turbine rotor, a large diesel engine crankshaft and other complex surfaces.However, in the practical application, Five-Axis Linkage CNC System has to face two problems:the first one is difficulty for programming; the second one is difficulty for the rapid changing NC codes. All these will conclude to the lack of3D Radius Compensation in Five-Axis CNC Linkage system, which stands up as a major bottleneck in the development of CNC system for a long time. There are some primary reasons of difficulties. Due to the two added axis of rotation, the space motion and the pose have become very complex. And the cutter radius compensation’s implementation has been extremely difficult. The traditional Radius Compensation of two or three axis CNC system is not suitable for the Five-Axis CNC system.To solve this problem, This paper puts forward the algorithm of3D Radius Compensation, applies the algorithm by using Visual C++6.0software to program and finally a validated simulation is put up in the Vericut software.The main study work and achievement are introduce in this passage as bellow based on some intensive analysis, research and summary in this field.1. The mathematical model of3D Radius Compensation in Five-Axis CNC machining is established, by which this model can be achieved.2. The mathematical model of Dual Rotary Table Five-Axis CNC machine is established, by which Post processing algorithm can be achieved and the movement of the Five-axis CNC machine can be solve.3. With the help of UG software on the blade case processing, the cutter trace planning has been finished, CLS file is output to provide the processing information to derive the algorithm of3D Radius Compensation. 4. A post processing simulation system for3D Radius Compensation is developed in the Visual C++6.0platform. It has to read in CLS file, the only need is to modify the corresponding tool parameters, this system will output a new CLS file or NC codes with compensation.5. The NC codes with compensation are simulated to process in Vericut. By comparing the experimental results of the implementation of3D Radius Compensation with different radius in the NC code processing, we can see that the design is feasible.The algorithm derived in this paper has good universality and small amount of calculation. But it needs a lot of storage space in the information collection of cutter location file if this file is too big. However, because of the modern NC system storage capacity has been greatly improved, the algorithm can meet the processing requirements.更多还原