【作者】 金娟红；

【导师】 赵英兰；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 中国近现代史， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 本文主要以区域文化为视角，在中国近代文化的大背景下，通过对民族学、社会学、民俗学以及历史学等方面知识的运用、对吉林朝鲜族聚居区方志资料的通读、民国期刊的阅览以及满铁资料的查阅，在此基础上进一步探究近代吉林地域朝鲜族与稻作文化。本文第一章主要论述吉林地域朝鲜族的形成与水稻种植的开发传播。从朝鲜移民迁入吉林地域的历史考察、朝鲜族的分布与形成及朝鲜族与水稻的开发传播三个方面进行分析。吉林地域水稻种植的兴起与朝鲜移民的迁入有着密切的关联。吉林沿江地区多湿地、洼地，土壤粘性大，湿度高适宜种植水稻。但由于关内农民主要种植旱稻，鲜知水稻，多将沿江地区的涝洼地视为荒地。朝鲜移民一直觊觎此地，再加上连年的自然灾害，迫使朝鲜移民遭受饥荒之灾，进而陆续迁移至此，耕种水稻。朝鲜移民迁入吉林地域主要分为吉林地域的封禁与朝鲜移民的犯禁潜入、清末解禁与朝鲜移民的迁入及“日韩合并”后的大规模迁移三个阶段。在此迁移的过程中为吉林地域朝鲜族的分布与形成奠定基础，构成沿江河居住、“大杂居、小聚居”的分布格局。朝鲜族即是迁移民族也是稻作民族，水稻耕作是朝鲜族人主要的农业生产方式。因此，早期朝鲜族人迁入的过程中，就背着朝鲜稻种一起迁吉林地域，开始种植水稻。从“冒禁私垦”阶段，水稻种植传入的萌芽期，到“解禁招垦”阶段，水稻种植真正被引入吉林地域，再到后期的试种成功传播发展，在这一过程中，朝鲜族人将水稻种植引入吉林地域，并带动汉族、满族等其他民族耕种水稻，水稻种植逐步取代了旱稻种植，并形成了具有民族特色的稻作文化。本文第二章主要论述吉林地域朝鲜族与稻作的经济文化。从水稻耕作法、一熟制水稻耕作制度及水稻种植的租佃与管理三个方面进行分析。稻作文化的兴起与水稻种植的传入是密切相关的，文化作为一种历史现象，可以说是一种前人活动所产生的结果，并对后人产生影响。稻作的经济文化主要指的是在耕作经营水稻的过程中所形成的与稻作相关的经济文化。主要阐述朝鲜族将水稻种植引入吉林地域后，长期定居生活从事农业生产所形成的水稻种植技术、耕作制度以及对水稻种植的租佃与管理。为了解决吉林地域降水量不充沛、靠天吃饭的现状，朝鲜族人开发了掘井挖渠灌溉水稻的灌溉技术，并依据吉林地域的气候特征，因地制宜形成一熟制水稻耕作制度，同时在水稻的经营方面，朝鲜族人实行了定额租佃制和分益租佃制，并设立农会、稻田公司及水利局进行管理，形成了一套行之有效的稻作经营模式。本文第三章论述吉林地域朝鲜族与稻作的风俗文化。主要从食住风俗及歌舞风俗来阐述说明。稻作的风俗文化主要指的是由水稻耕作的产物所形成的与稻米、稻草相关的风俗文化。在食住风俗方面，主要阐述与稻米相关的特色饮食以及利用稻草苫房而形成的稻草房的房屋建造。在歌舞风俗方面，主要从与水稻耕作活动相关的舞蹈及民谣两方面来阐述。无论的食住风俗还是歌舞风俗都承载着由朝鲜族稻作所带来的联络民族感情、增强民族凝聚力的文化功能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Article mainly to the perspective of regional culture in China under thebackground of modern culture, through history, Ethnology, sociology, folklore, anduse of knowledge, Jilin Korean ghettos of the original data read, Journal of theRepublic of reading and the South Manchurian railway company information lookup,on the basis of further exploring modern Jilin regional Korean and the rice culture.Rise of Jilin regional rice and close associate of Korean immigrants to move into,Jilin wetlands and wetland along the Yangtze River. Soil clay, humidity high suitablefor planting rice, but due to kannai farmers planted mainly upland rice, fresh knowrice, waterlogged depressions along the Yangtze River as a wasteland. Koreanimmigrants has always coveted here, coupled with years of natural disasters, forcedthe Korean immigrants suffer famine disaster and continue to migrate to this, farmingrice. Korean immigrants move into the region, Jilin province Jilin regional block andmain types of Korean immigrants dive violate a ban, lifted in the late Qing dynastyand North Korea immigrants moving into and " Japan and South Korea with " massmigration after three stages. In this process of migration lay the Foundation forformation of Korean nationality in Jilin region and thus form a living along the River," where large inhabited by, small " distribution patterns.National rice cultivation in Korean nationality that is migrating peoples, ricefarming is the main agricultural production of Koreans. Therefore, early Koreanpeople in the process of moving, carrying a Korean Rice moved to Jilin region beganplanting rice. From " risk ban private Ken " stage, rice planting incoming of sproutperiod, to " lifted enrollment Ken " stage, rice planting real was introduced Jilingeographical, then to late of trial success spread development, in this a process inthe, Korean people will rice planting introduced Jilin geographical, and led Han, andManchu, other national farming rice, rice planting gradually replaced has upland riceplanting, and formation has has national characteristics of rice for culture.Rise of rice culture and incoming are closely related to the rice planting, cultureas a historical phenomenon, result can be described as a predecessor activity, and havean impact on future generations. In the economic and cultural aspects of ricecultivation, mainly referring to the economic culture of the rice in tillage managementin the process of formation of rice and rice-related economic and cultural. Mainly on Korean rice planted after the introduction of Jilin region, long-term settlement life information of rice cultivation technology of agricultural production of rice planting,farming systems and the tenancy and management. To solution Jilin geographicalprecipitation does not abundant, and live at the mercy of the elements of status,Korean people development has driving well dug canal irrigation rice of irrigationtechnology, and pursuant to Jilin geographical of climate features, suiting measuresto local conditions formation a cooked system rice farming system, while in rice ofoperating aspects, Korean people implemented has fixed tenancy system and Min yitenancy system, and established farmers ’ Association, and paddy company and theWCB for management, formation has a proven of operating mode.In the area of customs and culture of rice cultivation, primarily from customs tofurther explain the custom of eating them and song and dance. Customs and culture ofrice cultivation is mainly formed by the product of rice farming and rice, straw-related customs and culture. In the custom of eating them, mainly on rice-relatedcharacteristics of diet and the use of straw straw mat room to form a straw House. Inthe custom of singing and dancing, primarily from the dances and folk songsassociated with rice farming activities to demonstrate in two areas. Regardless of thecustom of eating them is the custom of singing and dancing are also loaded withcontact brought about by the Korean rice culture function of national feelings, toenhance our national cohesion.更多还原