【作者】 董晖；

【导师】 谭南林；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 安全技术及工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 本文建立了HXD3型电力机车的能耗模型,并使用同一区段的实际运行数据对其进行验证,提供了一种适用于只有运行数据和线路数据的能耗计算方法。以该模型为基础,使用遗传算法对固定区段进行了编码计算,求取了运行能耗最小的优化操纵方法,并给出牵引——惰行——牵引模式节能的一般性结论。从实践的角度出发,通过实地实验的方法,给出了对于恒速、波动操纵模式定性与定量的对比分析。根据得出的结论,编制了适用于HXD3型电力机车的,集查询分析、操纵培训为一体的软件系统,并使用模糊评判机制对驾驶员打分,以供各路局使用。首先,为了实现对任意区段进行分析计算的目的,对HXD3型电力机车能耗组成(基本阻力做功、曲线阻力做功、坡道阻力做功、制动力做功、空转能耗)进行了分析,根据济南铁路局提供的线路数据、实际运行数据,以及《牵引计算规程》建立了能耗模型,并且以东风——济南西区段为例,使用实际运行数据对模型进行了验证,并进行误差分析。其次,针对优化操纵的非线性,不连续,多约束等特点,进行了优化方法的对比与选取,以东风——王村区段为例,选定初始种群,约束条件,适应度函数,并使用遗传算法对列车操纵手柄位、工况以及速度值进行编码。经过了选择、交叉、变异等操作,直到适应度值达到最大,最终得到了该区段节能效果最佳的操纵方法。与同一区段下实际运行数据相对比,节能近30%。再次,为了对实际操纵方法进行研究对比,以实地实验的形式,对郑旺—沭埠岭区间内低速操纵——高速操纵、锯齿形操纵——平稳操纵,两种操纵模式进行了定性的探讨。之后模拟两种模式的运行曲线,结合已建立的能耗模型,量化的得出了同一编组列车、同一线路、同一距离的情况下,两种操纵模式的节能结论以及变化规律。最后,将各线路数据以及实际运行数据导入数据库,同时保留数据原Excel格式,以双数据源的形式,编制了具有运行曲线绘制、基于二分法的快速坐标查询、专家修改评判模块、能耗计算等功能的查询分析系统；同时根据HXD3的操纵特点,设计了联动式手柄操纵的培训平台。以已得出的优化数据为基准,采用模糊综合评判机制,对驾驶员操纵进行评价,使驾驶员形成最优驾驶习惯。更多还原

【Abstract】 The thesis builds up an energy consumption model and checks it with actural operating data. The model puts forward a method to calculate the energy consumption with operating and route data. Based on the model, the optimized operating method in a fixed section, as well as the general conclusion-"Traction, coasting, traction" pattern is obtained with GA. Then the thesis compares two models of operating methods by experiments. Based on the conclusions obtained, a software is made up to analyze the operating records and train the driver for each railroad bureau, which is adapted to HXD3type locomotive only.Firstly, the thesis makes a kinetic analysis on energy consumption composition, which includes resistance of basic, curve, ramp, brake and idling. According to the actural operating data and line data provided by Jinan railroad bureau, and "Traction calculation procedures", the energy consumption model is made up. Then check it with data from Dongfeng to Jinanxi, and analyze on deviation.Secondly, for the characteristic of optimized operating is nonlinear, discontinuous and multi-constraint, the thesis compares and selects the optimized methods. Taking the section from Dongfeng to Wangcun as example, after determining the initial population, constraints, the fitness function, encoding method with GA, obtaining the maximum fitness function through selection, crossover and mutation, the optimized operating method is obtained, and30percent energy is saved.Thirdly, the thesis qualitatively analyzes two operating model:low speed-high speed, serrated manipulation-stable manipulation by experiment between Zhengwang and Chumuling. Then the thesis quantitatively analyzes the relationship between energy consumption and speed, fluctuations with simulated data on the same train, line and distance.Finally, the line and operating data are imported into database. A software is made with two datasource including database and Excel. The software can achieve the function of painting running curve, quickly inquery with dichotomy, expert modified, energy calculated, etc. Based on the characteristic of HXD3, the software designs linkage handles to make the driver form an optimized habit.更多还原