【作者】 赵蓓；

【导师】 牛树奎；

【作者基本信息】 北京林业大学 ， 生态学， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 生物量的准确测定是深入研究许多生态和林业问题的基础。灌木层是森林群落中重要的结构成分,其生物量的研究对于整个森林生态系统物质和能量的固定、消耗、积累和转化有着极为重要的意义。目前,灌木生物量测定采用的主要方法为直接收割法,此方法效率较低、破坏性较大。因此,研究简便易行的灌木生物量测定方法——生物量模型,即采用易测因子来估算灌木器官以及全株生物量具有重要意义。本研究以江西省大岗山年株林场栲楠常绿阔叶林、人工杉木林、天然毛竹林3种典型森林类型为研究对象,调查研究了10种分布较广泛的灌木种的高度、基径、冠幅范围和干湿比,通过回归分析构建各物种以植冠面积(A)、植株体积(V)基径与株高乘积(DH)、基径平方与株高乘积(D2H)等为自变量的最优器官和全株生物量模型。同时利用拟合所得生物量最优模型,结合林地调查资源及大岗山年株林场二类清查资料,计算了10种灌木在这三种森林类型下生物量情况。最后以灌木生物量为基础,计算了各灌木种在三种森林类型下的直接经济价值、固碳释氧价值及积累营养物质的价值。结果表明：单一物种器官和全株生物量最优模型多为二次或者三次方程,叶生物量最优模型采用的自变量多为V或者A,干、枝最优模型采用的自变量多为DH、D2H或者V,根最优模型采用的自变量多为D2H和V,全株生物量最优模型采用的自变量多为D2H或者V。栲楠常绿阔叶林、人工杉木林、天然毛竹林下这10种灌木的总生物量分别为1284.38kg/hm2、1088.08kg/hm2、968.13kg/hm2。10种灌木在杉木林下总经济价值最高,其次是毛竹林,在栲楠常绿阔叶林中最小,分别为9551738.73元、9364703.28元、2527468.39元。更多还原

【Abstract】 The accurate determination of the biomass is the basis of in-depth study of the ecology and forestry issues.The shrub layer is an important structural component in the forest communities. It’s of great significance for the absorption,consumption, accumulation and transformation of the entire forest ecosystem material and energy to research on the shrub biomass. Currently,shrub biomass was primarily determined by the method of direct harvest inefficient and destructive. Consquently.it is significant to study on simple shrub biomass determination method-biomass model that is easy to measure the factors to estimate the bush organs and whole plant biomass.Taking three types of forests,evergreen broad-leaved,artificial fir,and Phyllostachys edulis in Nianzhu forest of Dagang mountain,as the research, object,we surveyed the height,basal diameter, crown range and dry and wet ratio of10species distributing more extensive in the shrub layer,then constructed the organs and the whole plant biomass models, with plant crown area (A),champions league volume (V),base diameter and plant height product (DH),base diameter square and plant height product (D2H) as the independent variable.Meanwhile,using optimal biomass model,combined with the investigative forest resources and the Type Ⅱ strains of forest inventory data in Nianzhu forestry station of Dagang mountain,we calculated biomass of the10kinds of shrub in the three forest types.Finally,on the basis of shrub biomass.we calculated the direct economic value,carbon fixation and oxygen values and the value of the accumulation of nutrients of shrub species in the three forest types.The results show that:The optimal biomass models of organs from a single species are mostly quadratic equation or cubic equation. The independent variable suiTab. for the optimal biomass model of leaves is usually V or A.while DH,D2H or V for trunk and branch, D2H and V for root. It is calculated that the total biomass of the10shrubs from the three types of forests are respectively1284.38kg/hm2.1088.08kg/hm2and968.13kg/hm2. Ten kinds of shrubs in the fir forest have the Maximum total economic value,followed by bamboo forest, while the minimum in the evergreen broad-leaved forest, which were respectively955138.73,9364703.28and2527468.39yuan.更多还原