【作者】 石垒；

【导师】 马铁华； 张瑜；

【作者基本信息】 中北大学 ， 测试计量技术及仪器， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 准确可靠的电热化学炮膛内动态压力参数（以下简称膛压）对于研究等离子体点火、增强作用和装药结构的合理性，炮弹外弹道初速的预测，以及炮架的强度和刚度设计等都是十分重要的依据。电热化学炮发射试验时存在高压脉冲、大电流放电产生的多种强电磁干扰源，这些干扰信号以电场、磁场、电磁场形式通过传导耦合、辐射耦合方式进入测压回路，对高瞬态膛压数据的准确性产生严重影响。同时炮体的地电位浮动问题，甚至危害测试设备和实验人员的安全。在电磁环境因子作用下，提高测试系统的安全性、可靠性和精确度显得尤为重要。在分析电热化学炮发射过程中各种电磁干扰源及其特性的基础上，提出了采用存储测试和光纤通信技术相结合的电热化学炮膛压测试技术，设计了现场存储与远程在线一体化测试系统。采用PCB电磁兼容设计、不同材料多层组合的屏蔽技术、接地和滤波技术、光电隔离技术对测试系统进行了电磁兼容设计，并对测试系统的电磁屏蔽效能进行了详细的分析与计算。设计了基于CMI光纤通信的编码、解码方式，解决了直流基线漂移的问题，避免了接收机的误触发，并通过收发一体光模块和数字光纤实现了数据的实时传输和双工通信。文中详细论述了现场存储子系统与远程在线子系统的硬件与软件设计过程及测试系统的校准方法，对测试结果的不确定度进行了定量分析。靶场实测结果表明现场存储与远程在线一体化测试系统具有抗干扰能力强、安全性高、可靠性高、精度高、实时传输及双工通信等特点，为电热化学炮内弹道特性的研究提供了测试手段。该测试技术可以拓展应用到各种电磁环境下的瞬态参数的测试场合，并且在现代化电子靶场、军事试验等方面有广阔的应用前景和推广价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 The accurate, reliable and dynamic chamber pressure parameter (hereinafter referred to asthe chamber pressure) of ETCG played an important role in the ignition and enhancement ofplasma generator, the rationality of charge structure, the muzzle velocity forecast of exteriorballistics as well as the strength and stiffness design of ETCG .When the ETCG launched,there were problems of serious electromagnetic interferences which were generated by thehigh-voltage pulse and discharge of pulse current, coupled into the pressure measurementcircuit in the form of electric field, magnetic field and electromagnetic field by conductedcoupling and radiated coupling and had severe impacts on the accuracy of transientparameters. At the same time, the voltage fluctuation even endangered the safety of the testequipment and laboratory personnel. Under the action of serious electromagnetic environmentfactors, it was particularly important to improve the security, reliability and accuracy of thetest system.On the basis of analyzing serious electromagnetic interference sources and theircharacteristics, measurement technology that combined storage measurement with opticalfiber communication technology was proposed for ETCG chamber pressure and the sitestorage and remote online integrated test system was designed. EMC of test system wasdesigned in the view of PCB EMC, shielding technique based on multi-layer combinations ofdifferent materials, grounding and filtering techniques and optical isolation technique. What ismore, the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of test system was analyzed and calculatedin detail. Encoding and decoding of optical fiber communication based on CMI was designed,which solved the DC baseline drift and avoided false triggering of the receiver. Real-time datatransmission and duplex communication was realized with integrated transceiver opticalmodules and digital optical fiber. The hardware and software design process and calibration method of site storage subsystem and remote online subsystem was described in detail and theuncertainty of test results was also analyzed in quantity. The test result in shooting rangeshowed the site storage and remote online integrated test system is featured for goodelectromagnetic compatibility, high reliability, high precision, real-time transmission, duplexcommunication and other characteristics and provided testing method for the study of ETCGballistic characteristics. The technology can expand the application to the test of transientparameters in the electromagnetic environment and have broad application prospects andpromotional value in modern electronic shooting range, military testing and so on.更多还原