我国行政复议与行政诉讼衔接问题研究

【作者】 赵华群；

【导师】 刘志刚；

【作者基本信息】 复旦大学 ， 法律， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 行政复议与行政诉讼,作为行政法领域两种最重要的纠纷解决机制和权利救济途径,它们的目的相同,都是为了保障公民权利免受违法或者不当行政的侵害。但是二者有联系更有区别,价值功能上也各具优势,不可互替。彼此衔接互动,相辅相成,才能真正实现公民权利有效救济和根本保障之目的。目前我国在行政复议与行政诉讼立法上的诸多缺陷与不足,造成了行政复议与行政诉讼衔接上的脱节、冲突,难以充分发挥二者权利救济的功能和作用,不但无助于行政纠纷的及时化解和公民权利的有效保护,甚至还会引发行政权和司法权的相互侵蚀,因此,研究完善我国行政复议与行政诉讼衔接问题已经成为行政法学理论研究领域的一项重要课题,具有重大意义和现实需要。本文在借鉴现有的关于行政复议与行政诉讼衔接研究成果的基础上,以辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义为指导,运用比较研究、实证分析等方法,研究探讨完善我国行政复议与行政诉讼衔接问题。全文在结构上分为四部分：第一部分从阐述行政复议与行政诉讼衔接的理论基础入手,分析行政复议与行政诉讼横向、纵向之衔接关系,探讨行政复议与行政诉讼衔接的必要性,说明两者衔接之重要意义；第二部分在比较分析国外行政复议与行政诉讼衔接三种典型模式的基础上,对国外典型衔接模式进行学理评述,归纳出其共性规律和有益经验；第三部分分析我国行政复议与行政诉讼衔接状况,主要从立法现状出发归纳分析我国行政复议与行政诉讼衔的主要类型,指出我国行政复议与行政诉讼衔接方面存在的问题；第四部分立足于我国国情和相关立法尤其是行政复议制度的现状及发展,提出建构行政复议前置原则模式以及具体的完善路径措施,以期实现行政复议与行政诉讼的协调互动,实现公民权利的有效救济和保护。本文创新之处在于从现实的发展水平入手,在比较分析、吸收借鉴西方国家典型衔接模式的基础上,通过深入剖析我国现行衔接模式及问题症结,立足于我国“政府推进型”宪政发展以及司法权依附于行政权之历史、现状,提出了在确立司法最终原则下,建构复议前置原则衔接模式。通过明确衔接模式设置标准、创新完善行政复议制度、注重行政立法衔接等具体路径措施,以实现行政复议与行政诉讼衔接互动,更好适应法治国情,维护公民权利。更多还原

【Abstract】 Administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation, as the two most important dispute resolution mechanisms and right remedies in the field of administrative law, they are of the same purpose-to be intended to protect civil rights against unlawful or improper administrative violations. However, they are connected with and different from each other. They have respective strength on value function and cannot be replaced by each other. They shall be closely used together in order to truly realize the purpose of effective remedy and fundamental protection of civil right. China’s current administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation has many defects and disadvantages, which causes disconnection and conflict of administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation and failure to fully play the function and role of right remedies. This is not of help to the timely resolution of administrative disputes and effective protection of civil rights. And worse, it may cause inter-erosion of executive and judicial powers. Therefore, the research of connection of administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation in China has become an important task of theory research field of administrative law. The research is of great significance and for practical needs.This article, based on the current research findings of connection of administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation, guided by dialectical materialism and historical materialism, by using the methods of comparative studies and empirical analysis etc., studies the improvement of connection of administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation. The article is divided into four parts. PartⅠ, starting from the theoretical basis of connection of administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation, analyzes the horizontal and vertical connection relationship of administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation, discusses the necessity of connection of administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation, and explains the significance of connection of administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation. PartⅡ, on the basis of comparative analysis of the three typical patterns of administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation in foreign countries, conducts a theoretical review of typical connection patterns in foreign countries, and summarize their common rule and useful experience. PartⅢ, analyzes the connection situation of administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation in China and points out the problems in connection of administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation in China, mainly by inductive analysis of the main types of administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation in China based on the current legislative situation. PartⅣ, based on China’s national conditions and relevant legislation, especially based on the current status and development of administrative reconsideration system, proposes a pre-principle model of building administrative reconsideration and its specific improvement paths and measures, in order to realize the coordination and interaction of administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation and to realize the effective remedy and protection of civil rights.The innovation of this article is to, starting from development level of reality, based on comparative analysis and absorption of typical connection model of western countries, by in-depth analysis of China’s current connection model and problem crux, based on China’s "government-pushed" constitutional development and the history and current situation of judicial power depending on executive power, propose a pre-principle connection model of building administrative reconsideration under the principle of setting justice as ultimate principle. This article raises specific baths and measures of clarifying the setting standard of connection mode, innovating and improving administrative reconsideration system, focusing on executive and legislative connection, in order to realize the connection and interaction of administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation, and to better adapt to the national condition of law-ruling and better protect civil rights.更多还原