【作者】 唐云；

【导师】 朱汉民；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 历史学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 元代是书院的一个快速发展与推广时期。元代书院的繁盛离不开宋遗民的贡献。由宋遗民创办或兴复的书院,为元代社会的稳定和文化认同做出了重要贡献。故把宋遗民与书院结合,探讨宋遗民书院的创建、类型及特色,勾勒宋遗民书院的历史面貌,有其特殊的历史意义。元朝是中国历史上第一个少数民族统领的中央政权,但其治下的广大南人,却秉持“春秋大义”,以传统的“夷夏之辨”和新政权对抗。“文王既没,文不在兹乎?”在“以夷变夏”的关头,宋遗民肩负起文化与历史的使命。而在当时较为特殊的政治文化环境下,绝意仕进、退避书院、教授生徒、倡明理学成为众多宋遗民的共同选择。那么,本文要探讨的正是这样一批书院的历史面貌。围绕这一主题,本文试从宋遗民书院的创办宗旨、书院管理与教学及书院特色三个方面来勾勒江南宋遗民书院。首先,宋遗民书院的创立有多种途径,如宋遗民自己出资兴办;其门人出资修建;民间其他力量创建等。故书院创办的宗旨主要有:欲“救亡图存”而创办书院、为了“尊师崇儒”而创建书院,还有为了继绝学而创办书院。其次,在书院管理与教学方面基本秉承宋代以来的管理方式和教学内容。在此基础上,通过与宋代书院及同一时期的书院比较,文章归纳了江南宋遗民书院的四大特色。月泉书院倾向于遗民间的诗歌唱和活动,洪源书院、鳌峰书院则注重学术研究。文章通过这两个书院案例具体讲述江南宋遗民书院的情况。最后,对江南宋遗民书院的历史地位进行评析。本文认为宋遗民兴学,不论是对元初书院政策,还是对宋元时期书院的传承都产生了积极的影响。书院与学术不分离,自两宋以来,二者的一体化进程在元初的宋遗民书院中得到进一步体现和提升。可以说,江南宋遗民书院的产生和发展,一方面是对宋遗民个人和宋遗民群体起到精神纽带的作用,另一方面是较好地弥补了官学教育功能的缺失。此外,由于儒士对基层社会的回归和亲近,为宋元之际社会文化转型、民族融合做出了应有的贡献。总之,江南宋遗民书院的勃兴极大地促进了江南地区文化的传播和发展,也一定程度上影响了元代的社会发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Yuan Dynasty was a period of rapid development and promotion in the history of Academy. The prosperous of academy in Yuan Dynasty can not be separated from the contribution of the adherent of Song Dynasty. With establishing and recovering the Academy, adherents of Song Dynasty had played an important role in social stability and cultural identity in Yuan Dynasty. Therefore, combining the adherent of Song Dynasty with the Academy has its historical significance in the academic circle. By doing so, the author will discuss the creation, types and characteristics of the Academy, outlining the historical features of Academy of the Adherent of Song Dynasty.Yuan Dynasty is the first central regime commanded by minority in the history of China. Under the imperial court, the Han scholar, who upheld the "Spring-Fall righteous cause", antagonized the new regime by the traditional "Yi-Xia distinction". "King Wen neither, text is not hereby Down?" On the key point while barbarians were likely to change China, the adherent of Song Dynasty undertook the cultural and historical responsibility. On that special political and cultural circumstance, it became a common choice for most adherents of Song Dynasty to refuse officialdom, retreat from the Academy but still perform as tutors, advocating neo-Confucianism. This thesis will explore the historical features of the Academy. Around this theme, the Academy will be analyzed from aspects of founder objects, the management and teaching, the character. Lots of forces devoted themselves to the Academy’s establishing, such as the adherent of Song Dynasty expending their own properties; their successors rebuilt; or constructed by folklores in order to salvage national crisis, respect Confucius and advocate Confucianism, even to continually pass down the endangered knowledge. The teaching content and managing ways of the Academy had been brought into later generation after Song Dynasty. It will be also read four characteristics of the Academy which inducted by writer compared to the same period and Song Dynasty in the thesis. Yuequan Academy is a typical Academy in the poems’ responsory, Hongyuan and Aofeng Academy are the kind of typical Academic College. Through the two types of the Academy, the status of Academy of the Adherent of Song Dynasty in south regions of the Yangtze River will be presented in the article. Commenting on the station of the Academy in history is a vital concerning as well in the paper. The author considers that the adherent of Song Dynasty set up Academies which not only played a positive influence on early Yuan Academy’s policy, but also has had a positive impact on the inheritance of the Song-Yuan Academy.Since the Song Dynasty College and academic are not isolated, but tying in an integrative process that was further reflected and enhance in the early Yuan Dynasty’s Academy. It can be said that the development of Academy of the Adherent of Song Dynasty in Southern China, on the one hand, had a spiritual bond between individuals and group, on the other hand, is a good way to make up the defective function of official education. In addition, as Confucian Scholars did return to grass-roots communities and be close to them, that contributing to social-cultural transformation and national amalgamation in the Song-Yuan period. To sum up, Academy of the Adherent of Song Dynasty in Southern China emergence has greatly contributed to the spread of southern regional culture and development, it also had affected the social development of Yuan Dynasty.更多还原